Research On Border Managerment System In The Northern Song Dynasty

The Northern Song Dynasty had confrontation with the Liao Dynasty and the West Xia Dynasty at the long-term, it was not the central dynasty which monopolizes. The Liao Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty called mutually the Southern Dynasty and the Northern Dynasty, The two countries have take each other as equality of national main body visibly, so the border management of The Northern Song Dynasty and The Liao Dynasty establish above the equal national foundation.The Song Dynasty's border management is not an organization, but is several organizations which completes combines it organically, including to commissioner of military , transport commissioner ,and various the government officials come form state department and military county, the border castle, strategic pass and stronghold shop is located at border regions . The each department coordinates mutually, and they should to manage each kind of border management business.The entry-exit personnel management can divided into the people come form the Northern Song Dynasty and the people come form the Liao Dynasty. Prohibit any Across border illegally behavior, they can not boating and fishing in Boundary river, and they can not cutting across national borders; the merchants are banned trade across the border and the goods of not allowed are prohibited trade; Soldiers cannot patrol out of the city at discretion;The official of Management punishment is responsible for Supervise border affairs in management at border area. It related to both countries diplomacy and the national security,so the Song Dynasty administrate the local official extremely. Does not direct to causes trouble; With the enemy who enters the border fights actives or is injured; Or has defended the national dignity,they resists the person come form Liao to violate the border management policy effectively who can obtain the reward. Otherwise, if they cannot resist the foreign enemy to grab, the Officers and soldiers pursuit the enemy cross the boundary, As well as causes both countries disputes to be able to receive the penalty.The border management legal laws and regulations about the Northern Song Dynasty is "The song dynasty of criminal law " and the imperial edict, the abstention about border management, the edict all have the stipulation. The Northern Song Dynasty and Liao Dynasty sign"The Covenant of the Chanyuan". the following is Border control principles: the first is"don't war is best", and the second is"Don't intentionally start something and pursue peace". Establishing of These principles'have deep political origins and social root .