David Hume:His Theory Of Moral Sentiment

Hume tried on the basis of experience and observation to establish a course on human subjects, which include human knowledge, human emotions and human ethics research and study. In Hume's philosophy, its ethics accounts for a significant part of the content, and has an important position.This article will comb through the three questions and explain Hume's ethics, that is the source of moral distinctions, moral distinctions and moral basis of universal type. These three issues closely related to, and constitutes the main body of Hume's ethical theory. First of all, live in the era of Hume, moral philosophers to solve an important problem is that our moral judgments and moral difference between the source and or heart problems. Hume on this issue has inherited and developed the tradition of emotional Ethics that moral distinctions from the sense of morality, rather than ideal, and this made a detailed argument.As Hume argued that moral distinction from morality, morality is emotional context, and emotion always has a unique and individual characteristics, then how to transfer the feelings between people, depending on how the moral sense of the moral distinction to become a universal Hume to face the problem of sympathy for this put forward the principles of Hume. Hume argued that sympathy is a universal human psychology has a mechanism through which human emotions can be delivered. But sympathy will be affected by causal relations, close relations and similar relations; and moral behavior only when the consequences of the actual mechanism in order to run our sympathy, compassion mechanism of these issues affect the universality of moral judgments, Hume made this adjustment of sympathy, that sympathy must be placed in the stability and the adjustment under the general point of view, so that we can exclude the interference of various relationships, and eliminate all kinds of external factors on the ethical conduct of accident consequences so that our moral judgments universal.Clarify the distinction between the sources of moral and universal basis, based on our moral Hume were classified, namely, the virtues of man-made and natural virtue. Virtue is human and social development of people for their own needs and inter-treaty form, Hume will be the virtue of justice as the most important human virtues, just as when a behavior does not necessarily produce a favorable result, justice is only as a whole to demonstrate its long-term interests of the community to promote the value, so justice is not naturally produced by the human, but education, conventions and other results of human design. Germany would like to correspond with the man of virtue is natural, not artificial nature of the German design results, which occur naturally from the heart. The virtue of natural and man-made virtues Although there are differences, but they are based on the interests of virtue, and bring such benefits to the moral sense of pleasure-based. Therefore, by virtue of natural and man-made elaboration of virtue, Hume explains more specifically how our moral difference between moral judgments from this problem.Hume's Ethics and rich in content and far-reaching, irreplaceable historical status. This is reflected in: Hume's ethics of virtue ethics constitutes the transition to an important part of normative ethics, and utilitarian thinking and contemporary Ethics had a profound emotional impact.