The Analysis Of The Structure Of "bi N Hai N"

In the thesis,the object of study is"bi N hai N",a widely used structure in the modern Chinese.On the basis of the previous studies, I will discuss the object on the following three aspects.Syntactic aspect."Bi N hai N"can be divided into two types: the standard type and the variant type. The standard type is the complete duplication of the two"N",and the variant type means the latter"N"is the omission of the former"N". In the conversation,the"N"can be used as noun or noun phrase,adjective,classe noun, nominization of adjective and adjectivisation of noun. What is more,"bi N hai N"in the sentence can be used as predicate,object,attribute,complement.Semantic aspect. There are four main semantic types of"N"referring to the people,the things,the place and the time. The semantic feature of"N"is having one or a few very typical characteristics and some metaphor meanings. The latter"N"has the descriptive meaning ,which is equal to its natural meaning .The extracted content of semantic feature from the latter"N"is its natural meaning. The grammatic and semantic function of"hai"makes"hai N"into the comparative result of"bi N hai N"and the decision of the result depends on the context and N's descriptive meaning. The comparative point of view of"bi N hai N"is obvious sometimes,and hidden sometimes,which is determinated by comparative result,comparative items, context,cognitive factors,pragmatic factors. From the syntax point of view ,"bi N hai N"is a super combination,which has general internal semantic relations.Pragmatic aspects. The former"N"provides the basis of exaggerated meaning of"bi N hai N",and also reflects subjective attitude of the speaker. As for the"bi N hai N", the latter"N"makes"bi N hai N"have brief and tactful implication, humor and other unique rhetorical effects."Hai"in the expression has the anti-anticipated function and subjective evaluation function."Bi N hai N"and"X bi Y hai W"have the pragmatic difference in the three aspects : pragmatic function,certainty and negative ,and focus.