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Why Is "Virtue" "Ignorance"?

Posted on:2012-08-27Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:Q F ZouFull Text:PDF
GTID:2155330332995723Subject:Foreign philosophy
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What did Socrates really signify in the"Meno"when he suspected anew of the proposition of"Virtue is Knowledge"which it was brought up in the"Protagoras"? which was emphasized on realistic between"Virtue"and"Knowledge"? Examinating exploration process of Socrates also examinating the philosophical turning of the world history .This displayed whether"Knowledge"is superior to"Virtue"and"Reason"dominates"World". Hence, Understanding of this proposition largely determined our comprehension of the purpose of Socrates'quest depth, at the same time, this reflected to the extent that Socrates was called"human mentor".Base on the ancient Greek philosophical framework and political background of the times of Socrates and under the guidance of"Learning to know", Socrates ascribe the decline of Athenian democracy and the cause of war to the moral and ethical issues. In order to clear the bad habits of the Sage and heal the wounds of war , Socrates tried his best to combine his political ideal and the thinking of"All is flowing"of Heraclitus and"the Existence"of Parmenides to strive to search a universal value evaluation criteria for human beings in thinking. From"knowing yourself"through"self-knowing ignorance"to"virtue is knowledge"in the process of exploration .It was Socrates that swung and felt anxious of loss of performance between Heraclitus and Parmenides --------"What is virtue?"To better the understanding of the full meaning and significance of this proposition ,the root of the proposition of"virtue is knowledge"and Socrates'exploration process were focused on and cared for on the whole ..Socrates'question was"Virtue"rather than"Knowledge".Therefore,"What is Virtue?"was understood on the basis of the analysis of"A is B"with paradox model .Reading through the analysis of political status quo ,the proposition of"Virtue is Knowledge"originated from the wounds of war ,God concept ,the bad habits of sage and the happiness values .In the dispute of the ancient Greek philosophical primitive ,Socrates anew brought up the proposition of"Knowing yourself"and thus embarked on his road of quest .The process of Socrates'exploration was the source of transformation"from Virtue through Knowledge to Ignorance".As a starting point of"Knowing yourself"and an incentive of"Oracle incident",Socrates made clear that"True wisdom only belongs to the property of'the God'and human wisdom was worthless"through his struggle with the Sage .Accordingly ,It also shows the difference between Socrates and the Sage :the Sages did not aware of their"Ignorance"and fall into the"double ignorance",Socrates was ignorant but he realized this .For this reason ,Socrates turned into"single ignorance".To remove the bad habits of the Sages ,Socrates endeavor to make their realizing own"Ignorance"and turn to"taking caring of own soul". Socrates warned that"Virtue"is not"Knowledge". Without participating in action ,"Virtue"could not become"Knowledge".In the process of his exploration, Socrates constantly revised own point of the Good and the Evil , the changes of method principle and"cognitive identity"and thinking way ."the Revelation"of"Narrating and Not Writing"was the breakthrough and leap in the process of cognitive thinking ------from word to action .Philosophical thinking method made further progress from"the rules of logical thinking"to"free imaginative thinking"Correspondingly ,philosophic thinking was no longer conceptual theory but practical actions .It was the transformation process of experiencing thinking theory into the truth of action .Lack of free imagination is the sadness of the philosophy .Once again taking about the proposition of"Virtue is Knowledge","Knowledge"is only part of the God'wisdom, It is a dynamic historical practice process which was forcefully proved by the life of Socrates'quest .Therefore ,"Virtue"is not Knowledge but"Ignorance", so to speak,"Virtue"is"Ignorance".This was mainly because firstly"Knowledge"does not exist in human world ("market"of lack of"reason") ,secondly human beings do not have the property of"the God"( the wisdom of"God") ,thirdly"Virtue"is ignorant of own"Ignorance"(lack of the spirit of self-reflection ) ,fourthly human beings existed ignorantly in the human world( who are the part of Nature and can not grasp the whole world ) etc."Virtue"is a good quality and the nature of human beings .that is,"Human nature is Virtue".This also makes human nature potential highlighted .Thereby, Questing the"Virtue"is questing human being .that is,"What is Being?".This firstly display into the proposition of"Who am I ?".Investigating"I"is examinating the premise of the proposition of"Knowing yourself"."Knowing yourself"also is"Virtue". The contradiction of"Speech"and"Action"of Socrates was the concrete expression of"Loving the world".Only is it accomplish"Virtue"that human beings and the Nature integrated peaceful existence and political ideal into the world of"Death"."Ignorance"is the starting point of understanding and awakening of"the Virtue". Consequently, The relationship of between"Virtue"and "Ignorance"is an organic whole of dual purpose .Naturally,"Virtue is Ignorance".The intention of writing is on the one hand to remove the bewilderment of understanding the proposition of"Virtue is Knowledge", on the other hand, pondering the situation of contemporary real life while living in the reality of reflection on the plight of"learning and knowledge"and leading a rightful life on the basis of the theoretical foundation and behavior model .
Keywords/Search Tags:Socrates, virtue, knowledge, ignorance
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