The First Topic Introduction

Topic is an important issue in the field of linguistics.This article does not study topics from a syntactic perspective,but mainly from the discourse view to discuss the discourse topic.Topic is the central idea of the conversation which limits the scope of the conversation.The topic is not a static proposition,but it is established by the communicators in the conversation process.When the conversation just starts,the central idea discussed by the participants is the first topic.The first topic restricts the development of the conversation.After having defined the first topic,the article uses the correlation theories of the pragmatics,to research the introduction of the first topic from the angle of the discourse.The findings of this study are as follows:1,Discussing the process of establishing the first topic.When the first topic is introduced in the conversation process,the first step is to ask the both sides of the communication to construct the communicative context which is guided by the relevance and is made from the framework of the context as a temporary construction . Constructing the relevant communicative context , the communicator will gradually achieve the communicative intention in the process of negotiation.The process of the establishment of the first topic is not static,but rather a dynamic selective process.In the negotiation process of the introduction of the first topic,whether you are the speaker or the hearer, you must obey the formative criteria for the establishment of the first topic.2, Discussing the ways of the first topic introduction.The first topic introduction is from the need of the communicative intention,and restricted by the communicative situation,the communicator to decide how to introduce the first topic.Communication subject,communicative intention and communicative situation are the principles guiding the first topic introduction.In the process of the conversation,the way of the first topic introduction is different.According to the first topic's position of the conversational process,we can divide the way of the first topic introduction into direct and indirect introductions.If the form of the first discourse explicitly expresses what talking about in the conversation,it is called the direct introduction of the first topic.If the form of the first discourse without expresses what talking about in the conversation,it is called the indirect introduction of the first topic.According to whether using the discourse markers in the process of introducing the first topic,we can divide the way to introduce the first topic into the marked and unmarked introduction of the first topic.Determining a certain specific language form is discourse markers or not,mainly comes from syntax,semantics and pragmatics.The discourse markers are conscious language choices which the subject makes,reflecting that the meta-pragmatic awareness makes the guidance and regulation to the selection and use of the language.Therefore,discourse markers have both meta-pragmatic functions,and cohesion and coherent functions to the entire discourse in the process of the first topic introduction.According to the pragmatic function, the discourse markers can be divided into relationship class,emphasizing class,suggesting class,rules and layout class.3,Discussing cognitive motivation and communicative strategies of the first topic introduction.Cognitively speaking , discourse generator must consider the psychological acceptance degree of the listener to a new topic and how to understand it by the psychological space when he introduces the first topic. Therefore, the first topic introduction is guided and restricted by human cognitive regulation, which is called image schema. Image schema constitutes human's mental space, which can be used to organize human's abstract concept, and also is an acceptable psychological cause of introducing a topic. Whole-part schema, path schema lead the communicators to construct and understand the first topic. Meanwhile, in order to introduce a topic successfully, communicative subjects should have a certain communication skills, adjust to the current context, and select the appropriate pragmatic principles. Relevance principles, cooperative principles, identical principles, politeness principles are the pragmatic principles that should be obeyed by communicators in the course of introducing the first topic.In the pragmatic level, the introduction of the first topic can help us effectively understand the pragmatic mechanism established in the first topic, psychological cause, and the ways and methods of introducing the first topic successfully. A new topic, after all, is unfamiliar for the listener, however, a successful strategy of introducing a topic can make people easy to access to the communication context, and realize the communicative intention. The research for the first topic introduction can enrich pragmatic research and discourse analysis findings as well guide our verbal communication.