The Cultural Inheritance And Education Of Dong-ethnic Polyphonic Songs: A Case Study Of Jiu-Long Village

The purpose of the research is to discuss the cultural inheritance and Education of Dong-ethnic Polyphonic Songs under the today's social cultural backgrounds. That is the research about the characteristics of Dong-ethnic Polyphonic Songs; the investigation about the inheritance of Dong-ethnic Polyphonic Songs in the village, the primary school, the middle school, the undergraduate education of Dong-ethnic Polyphonic Songs in Liping area of Guizhou Normal University, as well as viewpoints and suggestions about existing styles of inheritance and learning from singer teachers, villagers in the villager and headmasters, teachers in schools, and then analyze the existing problems and changes of the inheritance in the villages and schools, and the influence to the inheritance of the ethnic music; at last, the results of the research above are summed up and analyzed as the reference of the development of the inheritance of the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic Songs and the other ethnic music culture.This is a study for qualitative research, the research method mainly includes literature analysis, fieldwork and interviews. The purposive sampling is used for choose the research object, the Jiu-Long Village of San-Long area in Liping county, Guizhou province is regarded as the research object of folk, local singer teams and singer teachers are research object; three provincial schools which occupy a dominant position in national and folk cultural educational program in Liping and the undergraduate education of the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic Songs are regarded as research object of schools. The time for data collection is about two months, while the method of collecting included fieldwork, interviews, and observation records. The detailed contents of data collecting included:1. written materials, such as literatures, interviews observation records; 2. audio-visual materials, such as pictures, audio and video recordings. All of the research data should be analyzed by the means of recording, coding, classification and comparison.Based on the above-mentioned investigation and analysis, conclusions are drawn as follows:1. The characteristics of the inheritance for the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs:There is a closed relationship between the production and the inheritance of the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs and village cultures:the public space in the buildings of the village is the place for the inheritance of the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs; the festival custom and religious cult provide a broad stage for the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs:getting marriage and fellowship is the important purpose for singing the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs. In the system of the inheritance, the singer teacher teaching, the singer team singing and practicing in the ethnic custom, none of the three can be dispensable.2. Problems which the inheritance in folk is faced to nowadays:The reduction of the singer team due to the increase of the number of the population of migrants; the influence of the culture from outside and the education universalization lead to change people's idea and weaken the educational function of the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs, and the positivity of the singer teacher damaged; in the process of acculturation, the style of entertainment is tend to diversification, which cause the reduction of the ethnic activities. All of the above influent the inheritance of the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs directly.3. Problems which the inheritance in schools is faced to nowadays:At present, the school is play a important role in the inheritance of the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs, but the absent of the music teacher and textbook influent the effect of teaching; because the circumstance of the school is divorced from the original context, the original functions of the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs is lacked, and the musicality and the artistry stand out, and the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs toward to the stage.Under such circumstances, it is suggested that the government should intensify efforts to propagate, protect ethnic activities, it can gives some living spaces for the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs; getting some investigations on the singer teachers' pecuniary condition, giving aids to someone who is in want, to keep the singer teachers teams:developing tourism program on the Dong-ethnic Polyphonic songs, to expand employment, attracting younkers to return home and reorganize the singer team; to increase the culture factor in the performance on the stage.