Concerning The Objectivity Of History Cognition

The objectivity of historical is one of the main problems of Analytical philosophy of history, mean while it is a major issue relatively controversial problem. Philosophy of history from exploring the nature of history and the law of history turns to explore the subject of history cognition, and to reflect the history cognition, that is to say, From the speculative philosophy of history turn to critical, analytical philosophy of history. Critical, analytical philosophy of history mainly focus on two issues:the problem of objectivity of history cognition and historical understanding and the problem of explanation model (including general historical rules).This paper introduces different viewpoint of schools for the objectivity of history cognition. Owing to the space of the paper and the author's ability is limited, to choose one or two representative character from each school to analysis.First introduce foreign scholars point of view, in regard to the problem of objectivity of cognition history, foreign scholars form three opinions.19th century and the early 20th century, the defects of Positivism were increasingly coming out, human being becomes to suspect the objectivity of history cognition. Dilthey, Windelband, Rickert, Croce and Collingwood stood out firstly. They suspected the objectivity of history cognition, they thought that the activity of history cognition is a kind of spiritual activity of human beings, history is the product of human thought. The objectivity of history is impossible, the objectivity of history cognition is impossible. While the people who supported the positivism insisted on the objectivity of history cognition. For example, Mandelbaum is the one who insisted on the objectivity of history cognition. Represented by Walsh of the relative objectivism took the compromise attitude. They thought that human beings could get the weaken objectivity of history cognition. Second, the paper introduces the domestic viewpoints of the problem. They also cannot get the same idea. Why produce this kind of phenomenon? The paper will analysis this phenomenon. The paper researches the object, subject and the standard of inspection. They are so complex that the result hard to get the consistence. In addition the operant is difficult to achieve. So it is hard to achieve the consistency result. Next the paper will analysis that the objectivity of history cognition is or is not able to realize and how to realize it. In the objectivity of history cognition, We believe that it is impossible to achieve pure objectivity as science sense.we should insist on Materialistic conception of history, Only in this way can we correct view the objectivity of history cognition.