Research On Environemental Evolution Of Jianghan Plain In The Ming And Qing Dynasties

Jianghan plain, located in south-central Hubei province, is famous of grain production, and also a typical region ecological environment more intense by human activities, so the historical evolution of geographical environment has certain representativeness. The study on ecological environment to its historical period is of great significance. However, there are still many issues needed further discussions for the lack of historical data or the historical material without effectively checked, leaving the problems of this region still more. This paper is as a part of the "national social science fund project:ecological environment visualization reconstruction of Jianghan plain based on geographic information system technology in Ming and Qing dynasties".This paper tries to discuss environmental changes from lakes, rivers, agricultural economy, wetland, population and towns of Jianghan plain.The first part is the introduction. This part describes the background, significance, status from domestic and abroad, targets and contents of research and paper features and viewpoints.The second part introduces the profile of Jianghan plain from the topography, climate and economy; the overall environment changes and the relationship between people and environment in Ming and Qing dynasties.The third part is the changes of lakes in Jianghan plain. First of all, have a overview of Jianghan Lakes; and then briefly introduce the evolution of Yunmeng Ze; finally, highlight Honghu changes. Lakes'runoffs greatly reducing for short of river supply to the separation with rivers is conducive to cultivation around the lakes but accelerate the demise of small lakes in Jianghan plain.Partâ…£presents the changes of Han River, the evolution between water and human in historical period and sketches the outline of Han River and its branches'changes by dint of the literature and research results.The fifth part introduces the agricultural economy represented by polder land. Embankment and the struggle for land with water played a huge role in the specific historical periods. But it aggravates the flooding disasters and destroys the natural hydrological and ecological balance due to excessive reclamation.The sixth part summarizes the general situation and changes of wetland systems. Wetland was on a downward trend on polder construction, water conservancy projects and deforestation.Partâ…¦discusses the environment impact on population Change and human activities. The continuous growth of population caused reclaiming farmland and hill development, leading to worsening the relationship between human and water.Partâ…§mainly analyzes town developments in Jianghan plain in the Ming and Qing Dynasties taking Hankou large-scale region and Xiantao-Honghu (Mianyang) small-scale region as examples.Partâ…¨is the conclusion. On the basis of summing up, analysis how to draw lessons from the environmental change in jianghan plain historical experiences and lessons.In order to guide the local resources and environmental sustainable development.