The Research Of The Written Form In Bamboo Slips Of Shuihu In Catacombs Of Qin Dynasty

Ever since the Chinese characters had been created,the Chinese people started pursuing the specification and beauty of the written form, then it is necessary to research the Chinese characters'written form. With the development of the Chinese Characters Study ,both the Chinese Characters'structure research and the Chinese characters'Calligraphy theory have made substantial progress;in addition, in recent years a great deal of new characters'material have been unearthed, the research of the Chinese characters'written form meets a new develop chance.Therefore, it is inevitable to establish the research of the Chinese characters'written form. The research of the Chinese characters'written form belongs to the Chinese Characters Study, and it was established in 2000"QiGong《The theory draft of ancient written form》and seminar about the Chinese characters'written form". On this conference, the scholars proposed an important agenda, namely"to establish the research of the Chinese characters'written form"; QiGong and his《The theory draft of ancient written form》have been seen as the guiding principle. In 1975, the bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty were discovered in Yunmeng,Hubei province, and immediately become the focus of academics'concern.This text selectes the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty as the research object, and the reasons are as following: first, in the Chinese characters'developing history, the change from Siegelschrift to Kanzleischrift is a decisive step, the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty is located between Siegelschrift to Kanzleischrift, and it has been seen as important material to study the Chinese characters"becoming to Kanzleischrift ".From the respects of strokes'conformation,strokes'reducing, basic characters'position changing , variation and so on, we can analyze the transitivity of the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty.Secondly, the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty takes on the character of hand-writting with China ink.Compared to Siegelschrift, hand-writting reflecting the strokes'changing is more true and sensitive. This text is based on the theory in QiGong's《The theory draft of ancient written form》and WangNing's《The new breakthrough to research of the Chinese characters'written form—rereading QiGong's < The theory draft of ancient written form >》,consulting other basic calligraphy theory—then it tries to describe the characters of the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty;its main contents are as following:(1) describe basic strokes and single character's feature of the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty,then conclude the characters of its written form and causes.(2) summarize writting factors to conformation of the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty and conformation's variations'influence to the character's construction,then conclude the theory of Chinese characters'evolution discipline.According to the description of the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty,and arranging the evolving track of Siegelschrift—the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty—Regelschrift, we can discover that the basic features of the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty include:the change from round to straight, conformations tending to rectangular and flat, through making conformations transverse and highlighting transverse strokes,the trend of rectangular and flat is more obvious. Compared to Siegelschrift , the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty is more straight and rectangular, taking the place of Siegelschrift's longitudinal form, this reflects the necessity of writing more conveniently.As one form of hand-writting with China ink, the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty make conveniently writing more clear,and stroke'variations written with soft penpoint, such as unlifting or lifting pen,lightly or heavily holding pen and so on can easily be represented. The written form in bamboo slips'of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty is rectangular, single character's layout being clear and homogeneous, round strokes breaking up or disappearing gradually, and strokes tending to straight cause the Chinese characters gradually and finally get away from the restraint of pictographic characters. The essential cause that the Chinese characters'structure changes consists in making the Chinese characters'written form more clearly ideographic,and the prime impetus of the Chinese characters'evolution exists in making writting highly efficiently;both aspects are mutually accelerating and constraining, together acting on the whole Chinese characters system and promoting the development of the Chinese characters. Compared to Siegelschrift , the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty is less pictographic and strokes'features are obviously seen.Although the written form in bamboo slips of Shuihu in catacombs of Qin dynasty is in variational and transitional condition, as a whole , basic character components'constitution property and assembling position tend to be stable.