The Decline Of Eastern Zhejiang School In Qing Dynasty And Their Causes

Eastern Zhejiang School formed in the Shunzhi Period of the Qing Dynasty, which experienced four dynasties including Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong, emerging many outstanding representatives, such as Huang Zongxi, Wan Sida, Li Yesi, Wan Sitong, Zheng Hancun, Shao Tingcai, Quan Zuwang, Shao Jinhan, zhangxuecheng.During the Yongzheng and Qianlong, Huangzongxi and his disciples had passed away. Although the disciples of Huang Zongxi's disciples were many, there weren't academic leaders. So that the momentum gradually smaller. Eastern Zhejiang School began to decline with the death of Quan Zuwang. After the middle of Kangxi reign, Shao Jinhan and Zhang Xuecheng who were from Shaoxing inherited eastern Zhejiang School. Shao Jinhan and Zhang Xuecheng,who were close friends, made a difference in the academic, especially Zhang Xuecheng, as the rear of eastern Zhejiang School, who made a contribution somewhat in history, chronicles, literature, collation, and other aspects. Under the pressure of the culture of the Qing government and the wave of popular textual criticism, Shao Jinhan not only failed to expand the influence of Eastern Zhejiang School, but to the textual exegesis of the road, become a member of the Period of the Research School. The wave of popular textual criticism, Shao Jinhan not only failed to expand the influence of Eastern Zhejiang School, but toward to the road of the textual exegesis , becoming a member of Qian-Jia Textural Research School of Thought. However Zhang Xuecheng with brilliant achievements who was busy making a living also failed to train a new generation of Easten Zhejiang School, and ultimately failed to save the fate of the Qing Dynasty eastern Zhejiang School to failure.For the clear reasons for failure of Eastern Zhejiang School, this article analyzed mainly from the changes in cultural policy, academic culture conversion, and the inherent limitations of the Qing Dynasty Eastern Zhejiang School. First, the Qing government cultural policies affected the development of East Zhejiang School. In the Kangxi period, the Qing government had established a rule and implemented a policy of cultural tyranny, but the Qing government to put energy into the main military and political, so that there was no time to fully take the strengthening of the cultural field into account.Therefore, during this period, the Qing government's cultural policy mainly to the policy of mollification, supplemented by high pressure. Relaxed social environment provide good social conditions for the development of Eastern Zhejiang School in the Qing Dynasty. And by the Yongzheng and Qianlong period, the Qing government consolidated the political, boomed in literary inquisition and strengthen the control on people's thinking. As a result, for the survival of the soil of Eastern Zhejiang School no longer existed, and its failure was the inevitable trend.The changes in academic culture, textual criticism becoming the mainstream of academic, academic thoughts of the Eastern Zhejiang School outdated and cramped space for academic development was the second reason.Finally, sticking to the Academic Principle of "Statecraft Ideology" , in recognition of the heroes in Ming Dynasty, and promoting national integrity of the academic characteristics restricted the development of Eastern Zhejiang School in the Qing Dynasty, which was one of the reasons causing the failure.