The Inspection Of"有"-Comparative Sentence In Modern Chinese

The thesis regards W-comparative sentence-the sentence formed with " W ", " as symbles, thus the whole sentence have the meaning of comparativity as the main object of study,and inspects its form characteristics and semantic types as well as the pragmatic values.The author 'main viewpoints can be concluded as the following:1 .When the two comparative sides are two times or places of the same thing in some aspects,only one of them is required to appear,while the other can be appeared,or implied.In the standard surface structure of W -comparative sentence,the two comparative subjects must be the same,but this is not always the true in the real speech. The dissymmetry of the W-comparative sentence represents in that the syntactic types and the semantic types crisscross.One of the reasons of the dissymmetry is omission.2.The "zheme> name"which we called comparative values are different in use. They have the meaning of close instruction and distant instruction respectively.The "close" and "distanf'in semantic can be divided into two aspects:time and space.The thesis regards the time when the speaker speaking and the location he have as the starting point,inspects "zheir^ name'"s usage in the W-comparative sentence from the aspects of time and space.When the time concerns with the comparative subject is before the starting point,use"name".When the time is just at the starting point ,use"zheme". According to the comparative subjects's differents, "zheme name'"s usage is different as to in space.The thesis inspects this in three aspects: ﹚hen the later comparative subject is the first and the second personal pronoun.(2)when the later comparative subject is the third personal pronoun or theother third person.(3)There is "zhe, na"and other demonstrative pronoun in the later comparative subject.3 .One of the condition of existence of 没有-comparative sentence is the two comparative subjects belong to the same category ,they are practical comparativity.The two comparative subjects of 有-comparative sentence often belong to different categories,thus the whole sentence shows a metaphoric exaggerated and figurative meaning.When we changed "有" to"没有",the reason that the sentence isn't tenable is that use affirmative comparative sentence is to describe and illustrate the former comparative subject,but when use "没有"sentence,this describing and illustration meaning isn't exist at all,the sentence didn't provide the new information ,so the legtimacy of this sentence is very low.The common condition of the two comparative sentence's legtimacy is the later comparative subject must have the highest of some characcter,so it can represents the former comparative subject's degree in this character.4.The W-comparative sentence contains a dynamic comparative process,but the "像……一样" sentence don't have it ,it shows a static comparativity.5. Among the language circumstances that influence the sentence's grammatical legality, negation is a important one.In logic, affirmative comparative sentence is positive proposition,the negative is negative proposition.If the affirmative comparative sentence is true ,then its corresponding negative is false and vice verse.But, the affirmative comparative sentence didn't always have the corresponding negative ,the affirmative comparative sentence and the negative one's true-false value isn't always the opposite.That is to say,logic negation and language negation aren't completely the same in contents and presentation ways.