On Bakhtin: The Carnival Of The System Of Spatial-Temporal Coordinate

In the recent years, Western and Russian Bakhtinian researchers have been highly interested in studying carnival theory. This theory is concerned with so many disciplins such as mythology, anthropology, folklore, linguistics, semiotics, literature theology, etc. , and crossed over the worlds both ancient and modern, East and West, and the theory's rich complicated flexible and changeable intention itself is movably existed and expressed, that researchers face a great deal of difficulties to study it. This thesis studies carnival theory in the view of space and time, i. e. structuring a four-dimension spatial-temporal coordinate system, drawing carnival theory in the system and surveying it three times, then integrating all results to make a conclusion. The destination of this thesis is comprehended righly and fully and openning up the covered facts, making contribution to the research of carnival theory.There are seven parts altogether.The introductory part attributes Bakhtin and his thought to philosopher and philosophy, makes out the project-of studying carnival theory in the view of space and time.Part One: it exposes that Bakhtin had paid attention to the basic categories of space and time fox life, studied style of literature from the point of space and time of dialectical materialism and attained an original view. The four-dimension coordinate system which integrated space with time can be the instrument and measure of analysing and demonstrating, and its functions and consequences of operation can reach to some degree of entireness and correctness, and can be used in approaching carnival theory.Part Two: it operates one-dimension time to join and link theorical "points" that piled together on the surface in a mess, and to arrange and separate then into beginning and end, discloses that there is a logical and dynamic process in the "carnival"', using a diagram (diagram I) to show it briefly.Part Three: according to the opinions that Bakhtin's dissertation of carnival theory, Rabelais and His World, in the system of four-dimension spatial-temporal coordinate, it analyses five stages one by one in carnival process: carnival world claiming a legitimate position; carnival world demanding the right of self-defence; carnival force arising; carnival action undertaken formally; carnival action ended thoroughly. In the literal sense of the dissertation, carnival action is a game that mass play with no meaning of criticizing or offending the real world, and the carnival world has no relation with the real world and is an imagined, unreal, world "elsewhere". The outlook on the world of carnival is a type of unrealizable, illusionary and Utopian outlook.Part Four: compared with the extensions (boundaries) of the rive stages' carnival world in the previous parts, it shows that there are two different carnival conception, i.e. two carnival world, one of them is in a restricted sense and the other in a broad sense. The carnival that pointed out in Part Three is that of in restricted sense and only stays on the surface in fact, and ,beneath of it, there is an other carnival world which straightly aim at real world and possess much real significance in broad sense. Such a phenomoenon is come from Bakhtin's strategy of theory, a kind of disguising trick, and the unofficial (popular) carnival force utilizes the same trick to deal with their enemy. Thus there is a second diagram (diagram H), and this diagram displays the integrity and progressiveness of the later carnival process.Part Five: it keeps on finding the carnival force's resources of energies and the carnival theory's true basis, and makes the third measuring of the carnival process. Because the property of nature in carnival is larger than its property of society, the its resources of energies and theorical basis should be the nature of which be in a broad sense, i. e. the carnival is based on the cosmos of including nature, human society and human being. It is the third level of carnival. In this level, carnival force has inexhaustible powers and...