On The Foundation And Significance Of Marx's Practical Idea Of Freedom

This essay aims at illustrating that the foundation and significance of Marx's practical idea of freedom.This essay is divided into four sections:the first clarifies the theory prerequisite of the foundation of Marx's practical idea of freedom------the ideas of freedom possessed by philosophers before Marx, it includes three aspects:the ideas of freedom possessed by Hesperian philosophers lived in ancient times, the ideas of freedom possessed by Hesperian philosophers lived in mediaeval times, the ideas of freedom possessed by Hesperian philosophers lived in modern times. Their understandings and explanations on freedom provided extremely important theory's inspiration for the foundation of Marx's practical idea of freedom, but their cruxes are that they indulged in thoughts' inherent nature on the basis of existence theory, separated from human's practical life, Marx diverged from them on this point. The second makes an analysis of the comments and judge to rational idea of freedom made by Marx. The comments and judge process experienced three stages:"the abstractly and visually comment on humanistic freedom","inherit and reconstruct rational idea of freedom"and"the idealistic bridge of human- centered theory".The third makes a deep inquiry into that Marx based himself upon human's practical life, founded his practical idea of freedom, so achieved near grasp and reasonable explanations on freedom, it includes three aspects:freedom is the characteristic of the human being, freedom consists in hominine social relations, freedom takes practice as its groundwork.The fourth makes an overall investigation to the significance both in theory and practice of Marx's practical idea of freedom. Its significance of theory is that it provides the theory gauge for us to make right judge on many kinds of non-practical freedom ideas possessed by philosophers after Marx. Its significance of practice is that it points out the right orientation for contemporary human beings stride forward freedom, furthermore, it has extremely guide importance for our country's contemporary socialism construction which partaken of China's distinguishing feature.