On Zhu Xi's Thought Of Heavenly Principles And Human Desires

Zhu Xi is the most famous scholar and thinker of later stage in the feudal society of our country. He is the comprehensive expression of Nee-Confucianism too. His thought is very abundant, contains a lot of fields, and have relatively deep research to each field. His thought of heavenly principles and human desires among them is influenced most far-reaching. But for a long time, people have no overall understanding in this field, have sure misunderstanding even. The author draws up it in this respect, proceed from materials on hand and slightly express the seeing of partial view, in order to seek advice of masters. The subject of this text divides into four parts.The first part, pays attention to historical background and the back ground in era which the thought forms. Author thinks the original meanings of "Heavenly principles" and "human desires" develop into the forming of the thought establish the foundation. Prepare strength and talk about the nourishment for him in view of the great thinkers of the past. The realistic contradiction of the society and the transition of intellectuals' whole psychology offered the great human environment to him at that time.The second part probes in describing the concrete content of the thought. Include four respects altogether: First, the origin of ontology of his theory; Second, define what are heavenly principles and human desires; Third, the relation between them and attitude that should hold to them; Fourth, methods which reach the realm that Zhu xi recommended.The third part introduces the application of Zhu Xi's view in the social and historical field mainly. He want his thought applying to politics, economy, history, education etc. Among them, it is the argument about kingly way and ruling by force has the greatest influences. Author has detailed exposition comparatively about it.The fourth part analyses the influence of the thought. The article has introduced the historical experience of Zhu Xi's thought from domestic foreign two respects at first, Secondly author appraises it, combining with era meanings.