An Elementary Study On Attentional Process Of Athletes Dominated Circumstance Informations

Attention is mainly viewed as the orienting and focus of certain objects in psychological activity. It plays a central role in human life and is the foundation of information process. Researches on athletes' attentional ability has both theoretical and applied values. With the investigation of cognitive psychology further, the content and definition of attention is being acknowledged and become clear slowly. At the same time, Sport psychology also need relative researches . However, after surveying relative passages and ways of experiments about this problem, we found there is much deficiency in sports field .In order to investigate the ability of athletes' attention further , we use two basic ways of experiment including "attentional priority" and "inhabition of return". Because attention is greatly viewed as a process that can facilitate or inhibit the operations involved in information process subserveing attention. Attenticnal priority is how to choose useful information to accomplish cognitive activity better. Inhabition of return is the phenomenon of inhabition that return the former objects or spaces .In order to accomplish mission better, subjects must use two above-mentioned ways in the certain circumstance .Two different aspects of attention have closely relation in completing cognitive tasks better.We choose some specific groups of athletes , whose scope of attention mainly involve in the various circumstance .We think their characters of attention is flexible ,quick . According to contrast and value ,we examine the time of response , the rate of correction and found there are obvious differences between expertise and novice. It follows:1. The athletes of circumstance attentional type have better attentional priority. Their speed of response are more quick than others in various conditions. They belong to excellent flexibility and can control the cost of attention better. On the other hand, the rate of mistakes is higher in athletes but is still accepted in certain scope, which probably represents expertise have good ability of selective attention. In fact , both groups are affected by same factors ,such as colours, cue, distraction ,etc.2. The probability of cue-, SOA (stimulus onset asynchrony) have great effect on subjects' response. The athletes of circumstance attentional type have better ability of inhabition of return. They can form IOR in shorter SOA if the probability of cues is still high. At the same time,their efficacy of IOR is stronger than others. When the probability of cue is lower and have longer SOA, both subjects can form distinct phenomenon of SOA.