A Study On Education Policy On State-run Schools In Sung Dynasty

In Sung Dynasty , state-run schools play a significant role in educating people and cultivating officials for the feudal state. State-run schools include central and regional schools. Central schools include Guozixue, Taixue, Zongxue and unstable schools like Law school, Shuxue, Military school etc. Regional schools include state or county-run schools, plus state-run Shuyuan. The lingering two-thousand feudalism regime fundamentally decides that state-run could only be a tool for maintaining the rule of the feudal state. Sung is no exception. As a matter of fact, the rulers of Sung Dynasty pay much attention to the building and improving state-run schools except the early period. Since the mid North Sung , the ruling class begins to know the importance of state-run schools in bringing up future officials. Following the three great movements of establishing schools, namely, Qingli movement, Xifeng movement, Chongning movement, unprecedented progress has been made in developing state-run schools. In the late of North Sung Dynasty, students' number climbs up high to 3800 in Taixue, at the same time, other specialized schools and regional schools are readily established. Although the state-run schools shrink in South Sung Dynasty, the government takes on a firm hand on restraining ideas among them and take effective measures to bring private-run schools like Shuyuan under its control. All indicate the strengthening power imposed by the government in the field of education. Educational policy functions strongly in the developing process of state-run schools in Sung Dynasty. The ruling class makes out the proper educational polices according to the changing politics, economics and society, which directly influence the scale and speed of state-run schools.This article is composed of five chapters .Chapter one describes the brief background of the state-run schools in Sung Dynasty. Chapter two mainly analyzes the financial budget of the state-run schools, concluding because of government' s actively collecting and managing budget, makes the state-run schools run smoothly. Chapter three expounds the management of regional state-run schools, indicating the efficiency management by Sung government ensures the stability of regional state-run schools. Chapter four through exploring the ideas imposed on the state-run schools, the author make it clear that the Sung government begins to strengthen the ideas control among state-run schools since mid-Sung Dynasty , and the trend is lingering through the South Sung Dynasty. Chapter five mainly discuss the Sung government' s efforts on converting Shuyuan into state-run schools, which indicates Sung government' s centralized policy.