A Thorough Analysis On Philosophy Of Life In Existentialism

Existentialism is a philosophical school of thought which reveals the existence structure of things, proceeding from revealing the existence of men's nature .It emerged in Germany and France, and it is widely spread in Italy .America, Argentina, Japan and some other capitalist countries. It has spread far and wide in China since 1980s. Now it is one of the most influential and prevailing philosophical schools of thought in modern western philosophy .The first part discusses the reasons why Existentialism emerged. The emergence, spreading and prevalence of Existentialism was not accidential. It was the result of a certain historical environment. Two World Wars brought about grave disasters to Germany and France, and they caused a mental scar for bourgeois and intellectuals. These were the social soil,for the emergence of Existentialism. The questions "What is the world?"and"What is human being?"run through western philosophy. Proceeding from the above two questions, the author discusses the necessity of the emergence of philosophy of life in Existentialism from philosophy and metaphysics.The second part expounds the theoretical pioneers of Existentialism, including some leading figures such as Kierkegaard and Husser. Kierkegaard was the originator of Existentialism, and his ideology laid the foundation for the"ontology"and"the phenomenon Restoration Theory"and "Intention Theory"of Husser laid the foundation for the methodology.The third part is the main body. It discusses the philosophical ideas ofHeidegger and Sartre, representative figures of Existentialism. The author attempts to reveal the original shape and essense of philosophy of life in Existentialism. Proceeding from the ontology of'Existence", Heidegger pointed out that the basic state of human being is worry,fear and death. He had a new understanding and reflection about meaning of life from the pessimistic death state.This made his philosophy moved towards clear path from the pessimistic degradation state.Proceeding from"Existence comes before essense",Sartre elaborated his unique "freedom outlook".Sartre had some oft-quoted and widely loved theories ,such as "Men are freedom'V'Others are hell"and"Choosing is difficult,but you have to choose"etc.From the above ideas , the author reveals Sartre's ideas about life.At last, the author appeals that people should look for stirring thing and pay more attention to human being from the philosophers'obscure languages. And people should lead wonderful lives and have philosophy enter people's lives.