The Foreign Policy Of Nixon Administration During The Indio-Pakistan Crisis In 1971

The text inspected the foreign policies of Nixon administration during the crisis and tried to combine historical data with theories on the basis of comparative fully occupying historical data.Chapter one stated briefly the Indio-Pakistan crisis in 1971. In March, the Pakistan government ordered the army to suppress the high autonomous campaign in East Pakistan led by the Awami League, which caused the number of people in East Pakistan to run away to India and the diplomatic disputes of India and Pakistan. India determined to utilize refugee question to make war towards Pakistan after thinking about various reasons. At last India Seized the chance to launch the third India-Pakistan war, which dismembered Pakistan and caused East Pakistan to become Bangladesh.Chapter;, two inquired into the crisis policies of Nixon administration. At the first stage of the crisis, namely the period before the Indio-Pakistan war breaking out, Nixon administration tried hard to prevent the war breaking out. On the one hand, Nixon administration urged secretly the Pakistan government to make concessions to East Pakistan. On the other hand, Nixon dissuaded India from using force and set aside huge sum of money to relieve refugees. At the same time Nixon administration required Indian supporter the Soviet Union to exhort India to restrain too. However, the efforts of Nixon administration did not succeed. At the second stage of the crisis, namely during the Indio-Pakistan .war, Nixon administration totally stood by Pakistan, and tried hard to keep West Pakistan as an independent country. America exerted pressure to India, and required India to withdraw his army and cease fire. In addition, Nixon administrationadopted various kinds of means and tried to make the Soviet Union press India. After India occupied Dacca, the Soviet Union also required India to cease fire. In case of this, India agreed to cease fire completely. Nixon and Kissinger believed that this resulted from the pressure that they exerted.Chapter three analyzed the factors that influenced and restricted the foreign policy of Nixon administration. The text considered these factors should include the basic situations of South Asia, Nixon Doctrine, decision-making mechanism of U.S.A. and Nixon sentiments.At last the text believed Nixon administration paid close attention to the influence that the Indio-Pakistan crisis caused in the world mainly, but was not only limited to the area of South Asia. During the crisis, Nixon and Kissinger considered questions from contending with the Soviet Union: Whether the crisis exerted a passive influence on the conciliation between China and the United States, whether the crisis involved the Middle East that strategic area was restless, whether Pakistan would collapse completely. The Indio-Pakistan crisis also exposed some questions of the South Asian policy of U.S.A. Nixon administration had not too much means to control over South Asian situations, this indicated that America was Not omnipotent, even if he was stronger.