The "Copernican Revolution" In Kant's Freedom Theory

As everyone knows, Kant had accomplished a Copernican revolution in the epistemology with reversing the relation of the knowledge and the target, the influence of it is various. Kant pointed out in a letter in his old age that the departure of his philosophy was Antinomy of Pure Reason especially" the person has the freedom; And on the contrary, the person have no freedom, in a person everything are all an inevitable nature", this confliction turned him awaken from the shadowy dream of the arbitrary theory, made him change over to judge the transcendental reason. There echo a more important problem to Kant, namely why people's freedom is possible behind why it is possible of synthetically transcendental judgment. The thinking of freedom question is a real starting point of Kant's philosophy, and its system of philosophy is built and constructed for the need of rescuing the freedom.The first part of this text is the philosophical area of the freedom theory, Kant defined the concept of freedom and carried on the historic investigation of freedom theory in the past. This process reveal that the freedom in the history of philosophy is all heteronomic, but the real freedom should be autonomic, the internality is in the person's reason. The second part is the logic proved and deduced of freedom in Kant's critical philosophy .He proceeded from dualism and agnosticism, divided two kinds of functions of reason, namely theory reason and practice reason, by way of limiting rational cognitive ability and stressed the preferential position of practice reason. The third part pass through the analysis to resolve the freedom, announce and imply the inherent spirit through Kant's efforts to reconstruct metaphysics, and clarify the Copernican revolution on the philosophy meaning in this course.Kant criticize the school metaphysics' getting leading freedom of realm, which attempt surmount the limit of rational cognitive ability .He rebuild a new metaphysics , which can reach freedom of realm through rational- restriction of cognitive ability. No matter criticize the school metaphysics or rebuild new metaphysics, Kant is all for the lofty ideal of freedom, all personality , dignity and value of the person who regard for carrying forward as reason in the world. The development of the freedom is always have no historic process of end. Freedom is previous from ancient times on history of philosophy and which is constant but have the ages means. Though out Kant' academic theories argument of the freedom and the analysis of the history meanings, we can easily feel just because Kant's thinking in people' freedom have peculiar purity , the freedom theory has universal significance and permanent glamour across time and space.