The Study Of The Forest Change In The Qilian Mountain During The Qing Dynasty And The Minguo Period

The Qilian Mountain, locating the frontier between Gansu province and Qinghai province, south on Hexi Hallway, is a big mountain department that constituted by many northwest-southeast parallel mountains and dales. There are abundance wilding plant resources including cypress, poplar, spruce etc. The research expresses that the forest of the mountain could protect the mountain glacier, so it have very important meaning of self-restraint headwaters, maintain the water resources condition. There are three rivers that root at the Qilian Mountain in the Hexi Hallway: Shiyang river, Heihe river and Shule river. So, the research of the forest changes in history is very important.According to these reasons , the paper choosed the history period during the Qing Dynasty and the Minguo period, handled the traditional literature texture means of historical geography, and linked with on the spot review of the Qilian Mountain, regressed the basic forest status and section distributing, discussed the drive factor of the change from the natural and human activity. Based on it, the paper reviewed the relativity of the change and the desertification of the Hexi Hallway.1. The forest change status of the Qilian Mountain during the Qing Dynasty and the Minguo period. The change experienced a lengthy course. In the 1500 years from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, human activity drived the distributing and change, impacted strongly the kilter development of forest vegetation of the Qilian Mountain. The forest overlay degree had already drop, the forest extension minished obviously, the sequent of destructing forest had appeared.In the Qing Dynasty, this impact continued. People assarted in coteau from low to suffer, the whole forest amount reduced, the overlay degree minished, the spinney in piedmont disappeared because of the increasing demand of land, firewood and construction, the forest distributing line backpedaled to alp. On the other hand, human impact in east and middle part was stronger than west. In east, many forest area began bare. In Minguo period, the economy empolder began more deeper, the big patch virginforest was divided into small, scattered block area, the compared orderly forest just distributed the remote mountains and riverhead area.2. The drive factor about the forest change of the Qilian Mountain during the Qing Dynasty and the Minguo period. The factor had two main aspect, that is, natural and man-made. But the crucial factor wasn't nature but human activity. Moreover, the human impact also had two aspect. First, unreasonable human activity destructed the forest vegetation of the Qilian Mountain. In the Qing Dynasty, the government had no better measure to resolve the rapid increased populace but tried their best to enlarge infield, vigorously aroused open up wasteland, ignored the restrict with coteau cultivate. All of these worked the breakage of forest vegetation. In the Minguo period, the human impact pricked up. The article discussed through the breakage that unreasonable human activity brought, for example, agricultural cultivate, wood business, mining empolder, charcoal for life, timbering, etc.On the other hand, people also had the idea about protecting the forest of the Qilian Mountain during the Qing Dynasty and the Minguo period, and the idea level advanced, they tried to adopt a series of maneuverability measure to control the forest reducing. But the active modus operandi could not radically turn the decreasing current.3. The connection between the forest change in the Qilian Mountain and the desert in the Hexi Hallway oasis during the Qing Dynasty and the Minguo period. In that time, there was quiet degree relativity between the two things. Observing from the time scope, they were synchronous on the whole, and the dessert in the Hexi Hallway oasis lagged little behind the forest change in the Qilian Mountain. Observing from the space scope, the district distributing , size and the ponderance of desert in the Hexi Hallway oasis tallied with the district, proportion and ponderance of forest chan...