The Sino-Japan Comparion On Amending Unequal Treaties

There wasn't any modern foreign policy before the opium-war in China. And there wasn't enough knowledge for the world. The ways of dealing with foreign things was so backward that it was challenged by the western civilness and commerce, which lead to a series of wars.The Qing dynasty had a weak national power and it can't withstand the superior weapon from the west. So a series of unequal treaties were endorsed after being defeated, which leaded to a treaty system, shackling the development of China.Japan had a seemly destiny as China. It became another invade target for western countries and was also imposed a series of unequal treaties. But the Japan reacted to treaty system furilly. The Japan government planned to develop the national power first in order to concede to wait for an occasion. So the treaty system in Japan endangered less than in China. And Japan made up for amending treaties early. From the telophase of middle age to the Mingzhi period, erevy government worked with perseverance to amend the treaty system. They utilized the contradiction between western countries to take agiliy foreign policy. And they amended the treaty system on the base of invading neighbours in Asia and successed to achieve its aims.On the contrary, all the Chinese reacted to unequal treaties inertially. Not until after the second opium war, did the Westernization Faction begin to advise amending the unequal treaties with western countries from the aspect of preserving nation behooves. The government of Qing dynasty also took some foreign remediation for it was in domestic trouble and foreign invasion, but the effect was little, almost had no decision.The different effect was dued by government function on some degree. But we can find the cause from composition of some forces from the aspect of impersonal factor and subjective factor. All these historical factors made influence on the government decision-making and the process of amending the treaty, which finally made great differentiation on the effect of amending the treaty...