QiLu Scholars And Politics Of The Two Han Dynasties

The area of QiLu is one of the comparatively intensive areas in Two Han Dynastiesperiods where the governments'officials were distributed. QiLu scholars had close relationswith politics of the Two Han Dynasties. A large part of the scholars'studies on this subject arearranged according to scattered personages in the way of isolated case study, and few hascarried on a systematic and omni-directional colony study to QiLu scholars in Two HanDynasties periods in macroscopic way. At present, there is no research on combining theprinciples of political science, examine relations of QiLu scholars and politics of the Two HanDynasties from running a country. This thesis focuses on two big problems of national centralpower and local governments in the Two Han Dynasties that were related to a country ofprosperity and decline, and investigates the practical conduct in these political fields of QiLuscholars in Two Han Dynasties periods on the whole. It makes every effort to summarize theiroutstanding contributions to the two han dynasties, experience and lessons under themacro-social backgrounds of two Han dynasties.Section I is "QiLu Scholars and Central Government Affairs of the Two Han Dynasties ".As the subject of the thesis, it foreshadows the following parts and is divided into threechapters: QiLu scholars and Policy of Central Government, Central Authorities Consult andDiscuss, and CentralAdministration.In Two Han Dynasties periods especially in the Western Han Dynasty, QiLu scholarswere the VIP who participated in policy of Central Government. There were manycommoner's persons who set up great cause by submitting written statements and offeringpieces of advice. They relied on the sharp political eyes and far-reaching strategy to assist theauxiliary ruler to make the comparatively correct choice on the important and intricate issuesrelated to the rise and decline in two Han history, No matter by what kind of identity, in whatkind of way to participate in decision, these QiLu scholars were merits of the feudalsuperstructural mansion of the Han dynasty.In order to guarantee the correct operation of the supreme policy-making power, thefeudal emperor needed brain trusters'group to discuss with combined wisdom the affairs ofstate, to offer consultation service while making policies, to remedy the results and losseswhen the emperors made their own decisions without consulting with others. In trusters'group of the Two Han Dynasties, a lot of learning QiLu scholars and some governmentofficials who had political experiences were important components. They bravely evaluatedthe emperors'policies, discussed the current political pros and cons and other major andimportant national matters. Someone criticized the emperor's faults frankly regardless of theirown sacurities. They became indispensable strengthes to promote the development of the TwoHan Dynasties. QiLu scholars were an important colony of middle-and-high-ranking bureaucrat's groupat that period. They were exceptionally gifted and fruitful. QiLu scholars outstandinglydistributed to the development of their societies while they were serving the government,some of whom even served as the prime minister. It displays the close relationships of QiLuscholars and central administrative of the two Han Dynasties. The conduct of these QiLuscholars and honest and upright officials had played a positive role to the stability of policyand political situations of that period. Section II "QiLu Scholars and The Local Management in the Two Han Dynasties " is apromotion of the former section. It consists of four chapters: The Founctions of QiLu Scholarsand Local Administration in Local officials, Local economic, Local Public Security and LocalEducation. In the Local Management of the Two Han Dynasties, improving the administration oflocal officials were exactly the comparatively major aspect of QiLu's practice activity, whichis paricularly shown in the following several points: honestly, self-containedly, andwholeheartedly devoting to public duty; handling cases impartially, and redressing grievancesof the people; punishing evil and crime, and defying the vice influential official; rectifyingadministration of local officials, imeting out rewards and punishments strictly and fairly. Ithad exerted great influences to local society of the Two Han Dynasties Local government officials bore important administrative duties of organizing andmanaging product, collecting taxes, organizing soldier forced labour, etc. A batch of QiLuscholars imbued with foresight and sagacity, responded actively to the call of feudal country'sagricultural policies, supervised and guided the farming and sericulture, built waterconservancy projects, and helped to build their country prosperous and powerful. The positiveexploration that they carried on has accumulated helpful experience and lessons for today'spolicy of management as well. It is one of the important functions of the feudal country to safeguard the public security...