On The Machiavelli's Republicanism

On the background of revival of republicanism, it is essential and possible to study Machiavelli's republicanism. In virtue of some basic principles of republicanism, by synthesizing Machiavelli's primary works, the writer tries to study Machiavelli's republicanism in brief. Machiavelli, as the son of Florence , was clever during his childhood. And did well in study in his schooltime. From his youth on ,he made great contribution to the subsistence and development of the Florence republic .Although his old age was dreary, he expressed his ambition that was not achieved and found a new way for his motherland by writing woks energetically. Machiavelli's life is a lifetime for his motherland. Republicanism and patriotism is keynote of his thoughts. The formation of Machiavelli's republicanism resulted from the accumulation of academic traditions, the practice of his politic career , the push of highly national responsibility and the influence of thoughts of Renaissance. Machiavelli's republicanism is based on three foundation stones: the separation of public sphere from private sphere; civil virtue and his ideas of human nature,which are connected and influnced with one anther. These foundation stones not only is the groundwork of Machiavelli's republicanism, but also is powerful path of his expression of his republicanism. The discussion on freedom is the hard core of Machiavelli's republicanism. The idea of Machiavelli's freedom is the liberty of republic primarily, namely, the nation should be republic government;the public should be independent and conquer other nations .Besides the liberty of the republic , the idea of Machiavelli's freedom also included the freedom of the individual. Comparing to the freedom of the individual , the liberty of the public is preferential, which showed Machiavelli's republicanism is classical. Subsequently, Machiavelli discussed how to get and protect the public's liberty .He claimed the public should set up the mixed goverrnment, affirmed the necessity of the conflict between estates, emphasized the compulsion of the law that offer chance of participating in the public matters, discussed the implemental function of religion, probed into the function of common people in the public. Machiavelli also discussed the corruption that did the harm to the liberty of public and the corruption's reason, analysed the material measures that avoided the corruption. Machiavelli's republicanism demonstrated the legitimacy of the nation-state that founded freshly and the rationality of the power. His republicanism is empirical and realistic . though being some mistakes , The main thought of Machiavelli's republicanism is patriotism. Machiavelli's republicanism is classical republicanism , which had a great effect later thinkers, including the England republicans, the the France thinkers of the Enlightment , the founders of U.S.A . Machiavelli's republicanism also offers the beneficial exmples for the modern society .