A Historical Perspective On Modern Sino-Italy Relation

In a relatively long period of history, the communication between ancientChina and Italy was the guide. In Eastern Han Dynasty, the messengers of EasternRoman Empire went to China, creating a new rode between the two nations in trading,as well as the crash of the two cultivations of Western and Eastern. In Yuan Dynasty,the messengers and preachers of Rom improved the connection of the two nationsboth in commercial and culture. "Macal Travel Notes" leaded the Westerners to payclose attention to Far Eastern and China, even lured Christopher·Columbus decidedto find the new ways to Eastern then find America. After that, a new world structureand form was build on the base of the new rode. In the ending of Ming Dynasty andthe beginning of Ching Dynasty, many Italian preachers devoted themselves in thecommunication between China and the Western world by their advanced technologiesas well as the theories of the God. As the world changed, Italy went in China again by forced army, in companywith the wave of Capitalism. The country wanted more perfects in China since thesigning of trade Treaty, The ambition of Italian Government has not fade away afterthe failure of the aggression of Sanmen Bay. In 1900, Italy used the death of theirpreacher as a excuse joined the invading force which was build by eight countries.After the war, Italy has robbed huge indemnity and took Tianjin as its concession. Theresult of the failure in the war in 1900, the Ching Dynasty has lost the last power tolive in the history.After the building of the Republic of China, the relationship of the twocountries becoming more frequently. But in 1927, as a result of "宁案", Italydemanded to continue the treaty to enjoy the privilege from Qing Dynasty. In order tosign the new treaty to Italy, Chinese government apologized to Italy, then accepted theindemnity and other requirements. In 1928, the two governments signed a new treatywithout the tariff autonomy, extraterritoriality, of Italy after times of consultation. TheSino-Italian started to be equal.In trading, Italy has not earned huge perfects in normal part, but according to theunequal treaty, they gained tremendous economic benefits through grants fromGeng Zi, "Golden francs case," and indemnification from Jiaoan.By the development of diplomacy and commercial connection and the need ofChinese to find the way to save the nation, cultures which was originated from Italyhas came into China by large-scale. The theories of Renaissance such as humanismand human rights ideas, became the guide of the Enlightenment in China, as well asthe tool of Chinese people to resist Fasces in China. Fasces accorded with thenecessary of modern Chinese to fight against the invasion of Japanese, but its sideeffect, as the destroys of democracy and the limitation of freedom, has negativeinfluence to get a fiercely resisting of Chinese people. By the same time, the theoriesof Catholicism and preachers came in China, spread wonderful Italian literature andarts.After the founding of new China, especially since the beginning of reformand opening up, based on the five principles of peaceful coexistence, the relationship between China and Italy are moving in a healthy and orderly positiveforward direction.The association history of China and Italy is extensive and has ancient origin. They alsohave much commonalities in the cultural and economic fields. But the study of the history ofItaly is quite weak, and there has been some articles about the cultural communication of thetwo country, particularly the study of the history of modern Sino-Italian relations hasbeen a blank;Italian academic research also did not elaborate. I study the modernrelationship of Sino-Italian from the political, economic, diplomatic, ideological andcultural fields in the article. It not only has great theoretical significance, but also beadvantageous to the communicate and promote the healthy development of Sino-Italianrelations nowadays.