On The Department Of Foreign Affairs And Diplomacy In The Late Qing Dynasty

The department of foreign affairs is set up under requirement of foreign powers. As the central diplomatic establishments of the Qing Dynasty in final decade, its property is semi-colonial. Compared with the department of premier, the department of foreign affairs is more important in the Qing Dynasty central organization, and its function is more specialized.In condition that Qing state more and more relies on the diplomatic, the department of foreign affairs has to facing the dominance crisis and home masses movement, which is risen by the aggression requirement of foreign powers.In final decade, the diplomatic affairs are overall to unceasing compromises and failures, however, the department of foreign affairs sometimes resisted actively. Compared with the period of the department of premier, the department of foreign affairs has the improvements that representing sovereignty consciousness and more reasonable diplomatic campaign. In diplomatic campaign, it does not blindly suppress the masses movement. The department of foreign affairs inherits the accomplishment achieves in the period of the department of premier, and develops it. In the period of the department of foreign affairs, the diplomatic right is more centralized, the organization construction is complete, personnel are more special, and the mechanism of personnel is more complete.Although the department of foreign affairs is semi-colonial, it has positive expression in diplomatic campaign. The department of foreign affairs is the first stage of Chinese diplomacy.