The Private Capitalism Policy Study During The PRC Initial Period (1949-1953)

This paper deals with the Capitalism policy which the CPC and the government adopted from 1949 to 1953. It is divided into four parts to discuss the evolution and the influence of the policy.When the PRC was newly founded, the Party and the Government adopted the policy of exploiting and limiting for the stability of the state and recovery and development of economy. During its implementation, for the changes of the circumstances and the need of the state, the Party and the Government focused on the different emphases in the different periods: from 1949 to the beginning of 1952, the Party and the Government adopted the policy of the exploiting;from the beginning of 1952 to June, 1953, the Party publicized the General Route of the Transition Period, emphasized the policy of limiting;from June, 1953 to the end of 1953, the policy to the Capitalism was changed from exploiting and limiting to exploiting and limiting and alteration. But in this stage party and government's work mainly enlarged and strengthened the total route propaganda of the party's transition period and the privately-run enterprises control, thus make the further upholstery and the preparation for "the transformation" policy, and the policy of "exploiting and limiting " was continuing in certain degree.The two attitudes existed among the private entrepreneurs: closing to the Government and corporation;resisting and struggling for the own interest. The policy of exploiting and limiting during this time, as the matter of fact, took the great impact on the private enterprise. To some extent, the private enterprise rising, the profound changes were that the status of the private business fell in the total national economy, which was controlled by the government. The entrepreneurs, workers and clerks in the private enterprises showed various response. The entrepreneurs experienced dread and doubt be the founding of PRC, confidently stacking up against the Government, actively closing to the Government, upset in the Sanfan and Wufan, obedience during the alteration;psychologically, the workers and clerks in the private enterprises changed subtlety: from unilateral pursuing well-being to strength of host to expecting public-operated. Totally, the policy to the capitalism promoted the alteration, preparing for the Alteration of Socialism.