The Spread Of Diseases And Heath Prevention Of Shandong In The Period Of Republic Of China

During the Period of the Republic of China in ShanDong ,the wars and disasters resulted in frequently wide spreading pestilences with big scale, varions kands, large number of death and serions implications, which seldom happened in the history of Shan Dong. Not only did pestilences harm people's lives and heath and brought social chaos, they also hampered the development of politics, economy, military, and culture, which was a social problem that government had to deal with.The reason that caused pestilence happened, had its natural and social factors.The natural reason was because of the existence of microorganism which led to illness. It is out of man'scontrol. In successive years' disaster provided advantage for the microorganism's reproduction and infection. On the other hand, the break out of pestilence in public had the correlation with artificial factors, such as chaos caused by war, the density of population, the move of population, the habitation, the economic status of society, the custom and so on. Take the Period of the Republic of China in Shan Dong province for example, it is obviously that the factor of man-made disaster more worked. Of course, the occurrence of pestilence is not only because of the separate reason. It owned to the resultant force of numerous factors.In order to stop pestilences from spreading, the national government and the Communist Party government all adopted active policies and measurements to set up special sanitation and epidemic prevention agencies, research center, hospital, etc, in order to prevent and cure pestilences. These agencies extended from province to local place, and formed comparatively normal network system of epidemic prevention. These agencies actually included epidemic prevention function, and was capable of managing and supervising the pestilences that happened in the province.During the Period of the Republic of China, each government actively communicated, established the policy of epidemic prevention and rules of law, gave away injection actively, formed epidemic diseases reporting system, improved civil construction and public sanitation, made detailed epidemic prevention laws, enhanced medicine education and publicity, encouraged the establishment and development of charity and medical research groups . The implement of these acts made the each government greatly enhanced the control of pestilences in their own popedom.through which the governmental control of epidemic diseases was greatly strengthened and the sanitation and epidemic prevention during that period was approaching modernizationThe policies of epidemic prevention during this period present the following special features.Firstly,each government was keen on the epidemic prevention establishment,gradually setting up a modern system ranging from provice to regional areas.Secondly,the development of epidemic prevention in modern times of ShanDong started relatively late with the medical technologies on a low level. The phenomena that epidemic preventhion mainly focused on the urban areas but the rural,that on treatment rather than prevention was common.furthermore,there were lacks of consistence of policies and medical budgetary resources. the government played the dominated role in epidemic prevention,which stopped diseasea fron speading efficiently,advanced the development of sanitation and medicine,improved the legislation of epidemic prevention,and got rid of the unhealthy habits of citizens,changed people's perception of epidemic prevention from relying on superstition to rationally accepting the modernized methods of treatments.. Although the execution of polities and practical effects was limited by some factors such as chaotic political situation, wars, serious nature disaster, low- leveled medical technologies, undeveloped economy ,and so on ,thus hampering the development of epidemic prevention in Shan Dong.