On Tetrasyllable Of Miao Language In Jishou

The research object of this paper is the tetrasyllable of Miao language and tetrasyllable of Chinese Language in Jishou city, Tujia and Miao Nationalities Autonomous Prefecture in Hunan Province. The paper adopts description, induction, statistics, comparison methods to carry on descriptive analysis on the tetrasyllable of Miao language from perspectives as phonetic form, semantic feature, grammatical function, formation mechanism, evolution tendency and etc.; then compare with tetrasyllable of Chinese Language in Jishou to show the the commonness and individuality of tetrasyllable of Chinese Language in Jishou; use linguistic typology and language exposure theory to analyze the formation reason and development trend of the commonness and individuality of tetrasyllable of Chinese Language in Jishou. Through in-depth research, we think:1. The tetrasyllable of Miao language in Jishou has following characters: (1) phonetic aspect: ABAC is the advantageous format; meanwhile, 2, 4 syllable has harmonious tone law; (2) structure aspect: tetrasyllable has two forms as pure form and mixed form, among which, mixed form is paralleled coordinate structure; (3) semantic aspect: mainly presents incremental quantity and subjective meanings; (4) grammatical aspect: when serving as sentence composition, it is not as free as one syllable or two-syllable word, with much restriction.2. Formation mechanisms of tetrasyllable of Miao language in Jishou are: (1) Iconicity principle: Comparing with its word formation morpheme meaning, the tetrasyllable of Miao language in Jishou reflects the characteristic of using larger structure form to represent more semantic contents, showing the "iconicity principle" in terms, of content and form. (2) Redundancy principle: The tetrasyllable of Miao language in Jishou has word-formation components with dubbing and connotation function; dubbing syllable is to complete the syllable; connotation syllable is to expand the extension of another morpheme. (3) Symmetry. principle: The connected two tonal feet are symmetrical in terms of phonetic aspect; the connected two semantemes have relationship as similarity, contradiction and synonymy; the connected two grammatical structures are paralleled and coordinated. (4) Analogy principle: use limited semantic and grammatical form to deduct unlimited tetrasyllables.3. Commonness of the tetrasyllable of Miao language and tetrasyllable of Chinese Language in Jishou are: (1) Phonetically, main form is overlapping; (2) semantically, tetrasyllable is the organic integration of morpheme representing characteristics as incremental quantity and subjective meanings; (3) grammatically, main form is coordinate structure; comparing with one syllable or two-syllable word, syntactic function is more restricted.4. Individuality of the tetrasyllable of Miao language and tetrasyllable of Chinese Language in Jishou are: (1) phonetically, tetrasyllable of Miao language in Jishou is restricted by intonation; tetrasyllable of Chinese Language in Jishou is mainly restricted by semanteme. (2) Semantically, Miao language in Jishou has no attached tetrasyllable, complex tetrasyllable only has parallel structure; Chinese Language in Jishou has both attached type and complex type; besides parallel structure, complex tetrasyllable also has other structures as verb-object, attribute and centre and etc.5. The tetrasyllable of Miao language in Jishou is developed towards convergence direction with Chinese Language. Miao language and Chinese Language in Jishou co-existed at the same region for long time mutually contacted and influenced. Since Chinese Language is the strong language, Miao language in Jishou usually borrows the tetrasyllables of Chinese Language. With the borrowing of Chinese tetrasyllable, tetrasyllable of Miao language in Jishou is more and more compatible with Chinese Language in Jishou and is more and more similar with Chinese Language in Jishou. When generation after generation of Miao and Han bilingual people unconsciously use the tetrasyllable highly similar with Chinese Language, tetrasyllable of Miao language is developing towards convergence direction with Chinese Language.