The Human's Basic Difficult Situation: The Analyze Of The Root Of The Existence Theory Of Tragedy

The paper sets off from the practical angle, guided by historical materialism and dialectical materialism, discussing the existence of tragedy in terms of its origin. The first part of the paper is ontology. First, the article has carried out an analysis of the existing characteristics of"human being". The article points ort that mankind is one kind of the living existence, the practical existence, one kind of"conscientious","own for own","free"existence, one kind of the existence exceeding nature. Then the article analyzes the realistic existence of mankind in the longitudinal and horizontal aspects. In the longitudinal aspect, human existence is the"historic existence"within the time dimension and is restricted by the developing law of history itself. In the horizontal aspect, human existence is the"social existence"within the space dimension and is restrained by various social relations in reality. It is just because that the human existence in the time and space dimensions implies the serious contradiction, it becomes the kind of existence that longs for the boundless but is actually restricted. The unification of limitedness and limitlessness determines that man is faced with a series of eternal difficult situations. The existence of tragedy in terms of its origin——"The human's basic difficult situation"is what the paper makes great effort to point out.The article lays emphasis on analyzing four most difficult positions of man: Cognitive difficulties/Fate difficulties, Interpersonal difficulties/Ethical dilemmas, Desire plight/Predicament will, The death predicament. The writer puts forward his own understanding of tragedy: Tragedy is the resistance and ruin when man faces the human's basic difficult situation. The aesthetic value of tragedy lies in the dignity and the great humanity embodies by the protagonists'resistance.In the second part of the article, making the tragic viewpoint with"The human's basic difficult situation"as the core, the writer observes, analyzes and contrasts the typical viewpoints in western tragic theory, and points out that these tragic theories have certain echoed relations with"The human's basic difficult situation"tragic theory in different side and in different degree, thus"The human's basic difficult situation"the theory can summarize these theories which have different emphasis points and the way to express. In the third chapter, based on the basic viewpoint with"The human's basic difficult situation"the writer elaborates several western classical works, thus proved that this theory can effectively explains the basic contradiction and the root of tragedy of several classical tragedies. Through these two chapters'vertical combing and horizontal launching, the paper ultimately expounds that the concept"The human's basic difficult situation"can effectively reveal the existent origin of tragedy and define the tragic theory. Thus, this concept possesses certain generalizing force and growing and expounding space.