The Literary Spirit In The Eighteenth-Century Rational Time

Literature is the reexpression and communication of the Zeitgeist, literature introjects with time philosophy on the deep facet, they could reach the same goal by different routes, and their common direction is the development situation of the Zeitgeist, therefore, before expounding the deep literary spirit contained in the eighteenth-century literature, it is very crucial to dig and research the time feature of the eighteenth century completely and deeply. The eighteenth century is a great time. The eighteenth century is a transitional period during the development course of the human society, it tore the mysterious veil of the God—the heaven deity, meanwhile, it pushed the kingship—the terrestrial deity onto the guillotine, which is the turn of the transposal between the human being and the deity, and is the watershed of the time. The eighteenth century has certain coincidence with the Renaissance in some extent, both of them blazon forth the existence of individual and atman, and emphasize the individual value and strength, the eighteenth century raises the Renaissance spirit—the subject existence again.Like the seventeenth-century Classicism,the eighteenth-century enlightening period blazoned forth the logos, but their essence is quite different: the seventeenth century is the worship time under the logos, while the eighteenth century is the break time between the logos and the faith."The seventeenth century is the century of Louis Fourteenth, while the eighteenth century is the century of Voltaire". As a part of enlightening culture, the enlightening literature is definitely a window that publicizes the logos spirit, however, literature is different from philosophy, literature is the artistic transexpression of the Zeitgeist, but not the direct expression of the rational principles, in the eighteenth century the thought of natural logos brought the production of the free humanity of literature, Faust pursues and explores forward constantly, which stands for the permanent"human"spirit, it means the human's release and rein on the atman, it is the natural situation after breaking the fetters, and it is the revertion of the human natural inbeing; Naive man is the unit that has not been touched by"civilization", it is the origianl nature of human beings, during the conflict and collision of these two different cultures--"nature"and"civilization", it holds the independent free spirit homestead; emotion is natural, when the society made it institutionalized, it is catabolized, Lockersha Na heard the voice of heart under the system of plural marriage, she released the human natural emotion, reverted the natural humanity; under the"civilization", individuality is deprived,"civilization"becomes the contrary of civilization, Rameau's nephew championed the individual existence and freedom in the period of losing"self", it stands for the"self"shaping in the independent pose. No matter the permanent"human"spirit, or the nature in the human natural situation, the natural humanity is enlightened by the natural logos, and it introjects with the natural rational spirit of the eighteenth century.