The Discription And Comment On Literary Theories Of Structuralism Of 20th Century

Structuralism, originated from Saussure's Structural linguistics and thrived in France in the 1950s and 1960s, is one of the most important branches of 20 century's western theory of literary.The purpose of this paper is to reconsider Structural theory of literary from two angles——the pioneer spirit of literary language and the criterion of literature——and the relation between the two.The principle of randomicity, as the principal principle of Saussure's symbol of language, is always touched great importance to, while its value as a reference to literary language has not been fully realized yet. De facto, the relation between signifier and signified, symbol and object is often embodied as a refuse of regulation of everyday language. Literary language realizes its pioneer spirit by a lot of means such as deviation, addition and concentration on the form of symbol itself. It was through these unceasing renovations that literary language attained its unique value. During this process, structuralism is a main theme that runs right through it.The linearity of the signifier is another principle of linguistic symbol, which, in Saussure' s anticipation, was likely to be neglect. In fact, it attracted more attention because it has a connection with the independence of linguistic regulation itself. As linearity is connected closely to time, Structural narrative theory tried hard to regulate itself systematically as well as to probe into descriptive structures. Generally, literary language will deviate from linguistic regulation, or even literary regulation, while what is needed in the regulation of literature is systematization, thus lead to conflicts between literature and poetics. Roland Barthes tried to alleviate these conflicts by means of literary criticism, as a result, language of literary criticism became a part of literature too.During this article composed of five parts, the author would like to discuss such problems: the history of Structuralism, the renovation of Saussure's linguistics, the effort of Structural narrative theory to translate synchronic narration into structure, the resolution of conflicts between literature and poetics, and reach a conclusion that the break of literary regulation does not mean its disappearance, and clarify the usual misunderstandings in this field.