The Social Assistance Of The Lyndon B.Johnson's Administration In The United States

Poverty is one of the important social problems in today's world. Poverty will lead to social instability, increase polarization of rich and poor and increase the crime rate rose to a number of problems. All countries have introduced measures to solve the problem. Assistance for the poor population is one of the most important aspects. Members of the society in crisis and the difficulties encountered, social assistance to members of the society guarantee the basic living conditions for the responsibility. Social assistance plays a vital role in society's stability. It had some relief acts by the spontaneous acts in the United States from the colonial times. Along with social development, relief activities by the spontaneous acts of gradually had been evolved into government policy. In the 1960s, Lyndon Johnson Government period, the United States of social assistance had been to a new height.This paper which uses historical materialism theory, the social security, history, philosophy and other subjects knowledge, discusses the United States of the 1960s social aid thinking and practice. The paper will be focused on the problem of poverty in the United States and the Federal government at all levels, non-governmental organizations, social organizations in the community to play the role of relief. Through the study of the issue, the author tries to depict the full picture of social assistance in this period, analyze the thinking of the origin and the important position of the Johnson government in the social assistance. There are 5 parts in this paper:In the first part, it recalled the social assistance before the period of Lynd Johnson Government. Social relief in the United States before this time can be roughly divided into two periods: social assistance which was established before modern social security system, as well as social relief from the 1930s to the period of the Johnson government. Since the beginning of the colonial period the United States there had been the problem of poverty. In modern prior to the establishment of the social security system, People tended to believe that unfortunate and poverty were caused by personal reasons. Although with the development of society, more and more people recognized that poverty was due to social reasons for the formation, the relief was a major non- governmental organizations and individual spontaneous behavior.Because of the economic crisis, in the 1930s, there appeared an unprecedented absolute poverty in the United States. Roosevelt created a precedent for the Social Security, the federal government promulgated a series of related laws and regulations. As the Government intervened, the social relief had new features, but there were also some shortcomings. All of them laid the foundation and leaved enough space for the further development.In the second part, it discusses the reasons of the poverty in the United State during the 1960s. At that time the poverty problem had aroused the concern of the community and all sectors of society had given way to tackle it. The development of social assistance had played a significant role in promoting the relief in 1960 era in which the civil rights movement is particularly important role to play.In the third part, it discusses the period of thinking and the practice of social assistance. Social assistance established on certain ideologies. Cairns and the Beveridge Report, the welfare state theory, the ancient idea of mutual aid, the Christian thinking, which guide the United States practice of social assistance in the 1960s.In the 1960s, the implementation of social assistance no longer relied on the Government or unilateral social groups, but the two sides worked together. In the course of implementing the assistance, the Government's main legislative and policy level to address the problems of poverty; civil society and the Church had more launched a direct economic assistance, and through appealing to the Government to help the poverty-stricken population.Part IV analyzes the features of the social assistance in the United States during the Johnson government, points out that at that time the federal government and civil society of their respective social relief operations had their own advantages and disadvantages. If social assistance will take its import effect, the government and the people should be on relief together. Through these analyses , we can see that the period of Johnson government is a crucial period in which the social assistance has taken place enormous development in the United States. It plays an important role on the stage of welfare history in America.In the last part, based on the analysis of the social assistance in America, we can find that the social assistance provides a strong guarantee for the normal development of the community. History is a mirror, is a kind of experience. Research by the U.S. social assistance, we can learn a lot of useful experience.