The Engraved Books And Historical Contribution Of Northern Song Dynasty Bianliang

Curved printing in China came into being in Tang Dynasty, became mature in the period of Five Dynasty, flourished in Song Dynasty. The essence of the curved printing of Song Dynasty is the best in history. The engraved books of Bianliang is the important constituent of the engraving business in Song Dynasty, is also the significant part in the history of curved printing. Carved printing are neglected all the time because the extant engraved books are extremely rare, besides, few documents concerning history have ever involved them. However there is no doubt that the place Bianliang is one of the biggest curving center of Northern Song Dynasty, and it has profound influence on other centers. So we think that the study on curved printing of Bianliang has great significance not only in the history of curved printing, but also in the history of books publication and the dissemination of printing. This article tries to recapture the prosperous state through the massive literature material, and elaborates its important historical situation and the contribution in this foundation.The full text can be divided into three parts:The introduction elaborated the origin and development of curved printing, and discuss the reason why the author chooses this theme.The main body consists of three parts: The first part, the historical background of the prosperous engraved printing of Northern Song Dynasty. The brilliant achievements of Bianliang engraving is because it has the various advantageous conditions.(1)Bianliang engraving hasthe favorable timing. (2)Bianliang engraving has the geographical conditions. (3) Bianliang engraving has the human conditions.The second part, the engraved books of Northern Song Dynasty. Bianliang engraved books includes official engraving and folk one. The former is the main body of Bianliang engraving, the Fang and private engraving are also the beneficial supplement of Bianliang engraving, and the rise of folk engraving enhanced the prosperity of Bianliang engraving. (1)Bianliang official engraving. (2)Bianliang folk engraving. (3)the curved printing of Buddhist scriptures and commentaries Taoist canon. (4)Bianliang calligraphy and painting.The third part, the achievements and the historical situation of Bianliang engraving. (1)The great historical contribution of Bianliang engraving center. (2)Bianliang engraving books has influence on other engraving. (3)The contribution of Bianliang engraving business in the printing method and the dissemination of Chinese culture.(4)The innovation of Bianliang engraving books.The conclusion part generalizes the survey and the contribution of Bianliang engraving, and further points out that Bianliang is the earliest center where engraving began to emerge in Northern Song Dynasty. Bianliang engraving books have the pivotal status not only in the curved printing history, in the general history of Chinese books publication, but also in the Chinese culture history and in the world culture exchange history.No doubt, Bianliang is the biggest engraving center in Northern Song Dynasty, it is not eclipsed by the engraving of Southern Song Dynasty, so it should be regarded as one of the four engraving centers of Song Dynasty.