Tang Dynasty Guanzhong Area History Of Agriculture And Changan City Grain Supply Research

Tang capital city Chang An, is national politics, the economy, the military and the cultural center, the Tang Dynasty Guanzhong area is also one of Tang empire most important fishery areas. The Tang Dynasty Guanzhong agriculture and the Chang An city's food supply research, was the ancient times city research and the region economic history research and a historical period grain security problem research arc of visibility combining site. The Tang Chang An city's food supply question to have a Tang generation of important politics economic problem, with Tang Dynasty history society process close related company. The present paper attempt makes the induction to the Guanzhong fishery area last achievement most important fishery area under the climate and environmental effect's characteristic, and through to the Tang Dynasty Chang An city's food supply question's system inspection, discusses this question and the Tang Dynasty Guanzhong agriculture various factors real relations; Through studied Tang Dynasty Guanzhong area agriculture disaster to propose with the Tang Chang An city food supply height dependence"Guanzhong relied on the pattern highly", and divided the time to study the Chang An city food supply with the Guanzhong agriculture and Tang Dynasty transporting grain by water various relations, right"model"examination; Finally, based on this, has made the discussion regarding the Tang Dynasty Chang An food supply with the Tang Dynasty politics's relations. The full text divides into six parts besides the introduction.The first part to study the region the determination. This part through carries on the summary to guanzhong plain's geographical feature, has carried on the analysis regarding guanzhong plain's scope as well as five big terrain characteristics, has expounded the geography foundation for the next step history agricultural research. Meanwhile carries on the explanation to the Tang Chang An city's military environment and the economic geography, lies in the rationality which it founds a capital to conduct the research with emphasis. This chapter summarized finally narrated the Tang Chang An city historical transportation geography, regarding after that the tax grain transportation has provided the research geography foundation. The second part the foundation which expends to the grain: The Tang Chang An city's population constitution and quantity have carried on the estimate. Its population is composed of the resident population and the transient population, the resident population by is being composed in the nationality population with the non-nationality population. In the nationality population for the Chang An city in the government office county registration's population, in the nationality population has not been carrying on the registration for some in other departments the special population, the nationality population has not been containing has the imperial family and the imperial clan population, the officials and the palace maid, the official servants and the official craftsman household, the professional musician and too often music person, sleeps the health imperial guard, the taoist priest Buddhist monks and nuns, the female official rank part. The transient population by the scholars, enters constitutions and so on official who, merchant, people husband Beijing chooses, on counts. Divided the time to carry on the estimate separately to the above population quantity and to carry on the estimate to the population total, initially the Tang time was 38000 people, the glorious age of Tang poetry time is 830000 people, the late Tang was 410000 people.The third part resident's daily food supply structure has conducted the research regarding in the Chang An city's in work place. First through to in work place spatial distribution's examination, pointed out that in the work place in the late Tang time by the lively area, southeast area the scenic spot, west the villa ancestral temple area, the street the common people takes and so on different function the community constitution. And each kind of business dealing starts from the thing two cities to carry on the proliferation to the periphery in work place. Two city's food supply ways for the marketability lamination supply structure, have diet Di Dian who and the inn in the microscopic stratification plane proliferates various work places, in the intermediate deck is the grain line and Mi Xing, starts for the macroscopic stratification plane northeastern part barn area as the commercial grain supply specialized region to form finally.The fourth part regarding the Tang Dynasty Guanzhong agriculture's characteristic has carried on the analysis under the Tang Dynasty warm weather effect. The Tang Dynasty climate is warm, the average temperature is higher than now 1-2 degrees, the precipitation for a historical period richest time. The superior climatic conditions caused the Tang Dynasty Guanzhong area the formation located at the northeastern part barn area water grid, and also had the distribution in the eastern part, such water conservation distribution characteristic caused the Guanzhong agriculture the planter distribution also to present two characteristics: The water grid is at the northeastern part winter wheat plants local the formation with north Guanxi, Qinling local paddy rice planter area and so on foothill and eastern river mouth formations. Because the Guanzhong fishery area has presented the internal differentiation to the Chang An city food supply.The fifth part through regarding the Guanzhong agriculture disaster's type distribution, the spatial distribution, the season distributed measurement analysis, discovered that the Tang Dynasty disaster presents between dumb bells' two high schools the low distributed characteristic. The union"the Guanzhong famine year"and"the national capital hungry year"the height dependence and corresponding relationships' discovery, namely Guanzhong famine year and the national capital hungry year presents the heavy disaster big hunger, the small disaster small hunger, does not have the disaster not hungry high corresponding relationships as well as the hungry year distribution rule with the above famine year dumb bells distribution rule highly consistent, proposed the Tang Chang An city food supply"Guanzhong relies on the pattern highly"..The sixth part is right"Guanzhong relies on the pattern to carry on historical highly"the analysis and the examination. First produced the output and the residual regarding the Guanzhong agriculture has carried on the computation, pointed out that the Guanzhong area might supply the expense the normal residual type is about 10,000,000 to 13,000,000 stones. Afterward the latter three time Chang An city grain demand has carried on the estimate according to the population quantity before the Tang Dynasty, distinguishes 2,630,000 stones, 5,284,000 stones, 3,000,000 stones. Meanwhile regarding needed the food demand which supplied by the government also to carry on the reckoning, respectively was 1,014,000 stones, 3,424,000 stones and 2,735,000 stones. Finally, divided the time has carried on the analysis regarding the Guanzhong area supply and the Chang An city consumption quantity as well as the tax grain relations. The research indicated: Three time's food supplies present rely on the condition which highly the Guanzhong agriculture delivers. The transporting grain by water was only plays supplement warehousing preparing for natural disasters as well as in the military supply side role, only took the very few auxiliary effect to the Chang An city's daily food supply. The paper"relied on the pattern highly finally regarding Guanzhong"has carried on the analysis with the Tang Dynasty politics relations and the significance, proposed the late Tang time long time's frequency sent the Tang central army's military provisions insufficiency which the disaster did is one which of reasons the Tang dynasty perished...