The Review Of Danilevsky And The Philosophy Of History As A Series Of Distinct Civilizations

The study of the civilization history theory is one of the most popular subjects in the international academic circles including Chinese all along. So far, both of Western and Chinese circles generally consider Oswald Spengler who wrote"The Decline of the West"is the real founder of the theory of the civilization history. However, 50 years before"The Decline of the West"published, Nikolay Yakovlevich Danilevsky, the great scholar in Russia, had propounded the same point ,that was the philosophy of history as a series of distinct civilizations. Till now, there is no systematic and comprehensive analysis work on Danilevsky s theory in domestic academic circle.According to the analysis of the"Russia and Europe""Darwinism:Critical studies"and"Danilevsky s political and economical essays"by Danilevsky, the author have sorted out that his life proceeding and ideology development,"Russia and Europe"with regard to the philosophy of history as a series of distinct civilizations and the argument of the theory in 1880s, the comparisons of the historical sociology by Danilevsky, Spengler , so could hold the thought of Danilevsky as a whole and make it's origin and development more clearly.Straightening out the problems above mentioned and differentiating and analyzing the various academic points, the author have made clear and definitely that the thoughts of Danilevsky experienced the combination of positivism and romanticism and changing from radicalism by Fourier into traditional conservatism, civilization history primary content and it s developing rules, the response of contemporary people to the Danilevsky s thoughts. From this, Danilevsky s status of pioneering on the study of the civilization history had been set up.However, Danilevsky thoughts are plentiful, except pioneering on the the philosophy of history as a series of distinct civilizations and the theory of the comparative civilization, he also took the important position in the Russian regional political field and history compilation studies. Yet, this is the first step on the study of Danilevsky, there are still many questions unsolved, it would be a long time to finish it.