The Investigation And Study Of Hakka's "Jige" In Guangxi Hezhou

"Jige"is one of the folk literature forms from Hezhou Hakka, which performs by Taoist priest or Buddhist monk in sacrificial rite and memorial ceremony. The Hakka folk literature is one significant aspect of the study on Hakka culture. The existing research of long period focus on the district of Min, Yue and Gan, still did not have system's Guangxi Hakka folk literature research, and the research content paid more attention to the Hakka folk song, the chilren's folk rhymes, the proverb, the story and so on, disregarded the ritual songs which is closely associated with folk faith, besides the research way used the traditional method of studying the folk literature's text much more. Therefore, take the Hezhou Hakka concrete villages as the investigation spot, investigated and understood deeply that the local peoples'economy, politics, conception, life and so on, synthesize the folk literature's text and its subsistent condition to inspect, undoubted can outbreak the past researches. It not only can reflect the culture feature of Hakka better, take hold of the relations of Hakka and its folk literature, but also can reflect the particularity of Hakka folk literature, unearth its potential energy, and discover its contemporary development way.This paper according to field work, deeply understood Hakka's societal and historical background, economic condition, political conception, folk faith, culture life and aesthetic interest and so on, extensively collect the literature material with"Jige", inspect two aspects from the Jige's text with"the active state", analyze and summarize Jige's literary characteristic and aesthetic orientation, inspect its cultural ecology and performance pattern, study its origin ,modern function and influence, thereby to discuss the relation between"Jige"and Hakka, and unearth Jige's potential energy, discover its contemporary development and protective tactics.The chief text divides into five parts. The first part introduce Jige's geographical and historical background as well as local belief culture, include Baihua village's basic condition and its local belief culture. Beside, also introduces what is"Jige"and its name origin.The second part according to Jige's lyrics text, analyze and summarize its literary characteristic, discuss Hakka's disposed characteristic, mental structure and aesthetic orientation and so on.The third part is about"the active state"of"Jige", we will introduce Jige's cultural ecology and the performance pattern, describe its ritual and the active way, as well as discuss the relation between"Jige"and Hakka, reveal its nature.The fourth part discusses the origin which"Jige"produces, explains its in-depth culture connotation, study its social culture function and the influence for Hakka, then reveal the interactive relation of"Jige"and Hakka.The fifth part discuss the inheritable mechanism of"Jige", and synthesize its contemporary development present situation, proposed that certain constructive opinion for protection and development.In my opinion,"Jige"follows sacrificial rite and memorial ceremony to live, has complex relations between its rite, which is mutuality but gradually go far away."Jige"is one kind of the ritual songs, it has four big literary characteristic, which is the content to be richly and colorful, the expression skills are diverse, the language is humorous and charming, and the sound unifies harmoniously. It reflected the disposed characteristic of Hezhou Hakka is optimistic upward and quick-witted humorous as well as the aesthetic orientation is endures hardships and honest code of honor.The Hezhou Hakka sings"Jige"is closely associated with rooster custom, Hakka regards rooster as the intelligence supernatural object, and entrust it the symbolic significance to communicate the soul, and exorcise the ghost. Hakka attach importance to the chicken's instinct of announcing the dawn and the value of using is the immediate cause for its forms, and another important factor is the folk literature inherits ancient Chinese tradition culture. Meanwhile,"Jige"have the social and cultural functions which is communicating the soul, amusing the soul with us together, educating people to encourage good behavior and molding the moral by its symbolic and the usable significance, thus reflect the interactive relations which is action and reaction between Hakka and"Jige". Jige's inheritance has the complexity and the particularity, the process of development and vicissitude provide us several enlightenment to explore the protective and developmental mechanism: First, deals with the"Jige"to make compatible reforming and renewal in order to suit the requirement of modern society; Second, the key of protection is awaken the populace's cultural consciousness, stimulate more populace to inherit and protect it; Third, unite all quarters strengths, include government experts and local outstanding persons to make the multiplex protected mode; Fourth, carry out the sustainable developmental and protective measure.