"The Open Door" And "Special Interests"

From the end of 19^th century to the mid-20^th, the policy which America took to East Asia was "Open Door policy". And Japan's policy was "Mainland policy" which meant to occupy china exclusively. The two countries struggled and compromised for a long time, which had an important effect on the international relations not only for china but also for East Asia. However, before Japan had a war with Russia in 1905, Japan had a corporation and comprise with America to cope with Russia and UK. But after the war between Japan and Russia, America and Japan had more conflicts, because both of them wanted to get benefits from East Asia.After Word WarI, they had more conflict especially on the issues of china. During Word WarI, Japan implanted his "Mainland policy" which had an intention to legalize his benefits in Shandong province, Southern Man and the east of Inner Mongolia. What was more, Japan wanted to expand his special benefits to the whole china. With this purpose, Japan put forward "twenty one requirements" and took initiative to persuade china to take part in word warI. America meant to control Japan's aggression in the framework of mutual-aggression on china. But America finally signed the "Lansing - Ishii Agreement" with Japan in terms of his global strategy and his benefits in china together with Japan's successful diplomatic strategy. At the same time, America also intended to avoid fighting in both sides and stop Japan from resisting America with Russia. In the beginning, America just admitted that Japan only had some benefits in some regions of china and then America agreed that Japan had special benefits in whole china. This was on the cost of sacrificing the interests of china. All of this America had done was to make sure that Japan would not stand by Deutschland in Word WarI. But the "Lansing - Ishii Agreement" just eased the conflicts between them for the time being. And it couldn't solve their fundamental contradictions. Accompanied by their further conflicts, the two countries couldn't avoid fighting against each other in World Warn.This paper has a deep analysis on the reason why America took a appeasement policy to Japan which brought a lot of calamities for Chinese people by relating the conflicts between America and Japan during the course of signing the "Lansing - Ishii Agreement". It can help us to understand the aggressive nature of America's "Open Door policy" and Japan's "Mainland policy" and the complicated international relations in East Asia.