Chinese Reverse Constituent Order And Its Generating Mechanism

The research to Chinese constituent order always be paid much attention by academic circle. In recent years, scholars have given analysis and explanations to constituent order phenomenon from many angles and multilayer, and have got many achievements. But these achievements concentrates on the synchronic plane of modern Chinese constituent order mainly, the research to constituent order's diachronic development and generating mechanism is comparatively weak. Even exist some defined unclear,ambiguous and vague cognitions. This paper combines diachronic research and synchronic research, differentiate the reverse constituent order with different nature and scientifically classified. Strive for displaying the developing general picture of Chinese reverse constituent order all-round and clearly, and contrast with the studying achievement of the language typology. By carrying out quantify statistic analysis to diachronic language material in different history period, grasp the diachronic developing process of reverse constituent order. On the basis, inspect the generating mechanism of reverse constituent order form with cognition theory, and carries out validity verification in other system of Chinese.The main body of this paper is divided into four main steps:Firstly, summarize the type of Chinese reverse constituent order, define the scope of the concept of reverse constituent order, distinguish grammar reverse constituent order and pragmatic reverse constituent order, and on the basis of this analyze the different types of reverse constituent order. The analysis of reverse constituent order include the reverse constituent order among sentence major structure components (subject-predicate- object),the reverse constituent order between sentence major structure and auxiliary components,the reverse constituent order of the internal components of words and fixed structures. The two ahead belong to the reverse constituent order of syntax plane, the one behind belong to the reverse constituent order of word grammar plane, the reverse constituent order of syntax and word grammar plane are interlinked.Secondly, choose four language materials belong to different historical period and carry out quantify statistic analysis, display the diachronic change process of Chinese reverse constituent order with the example, and summarize the development characteristic of Chinese reverse constituent order form.Thirdly, explore the generating mechanism of Chinese reverse constituent order from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. The reverse constituent order structure is related to the practical experience that people gains in the process of transforming the world, the perception to reverse order existing form in the objective world develops gradually into typological thinking model. Language is a tool of thinking, therefore which embody the characteristic of this kind of thinking model on constituent order. There is iconicity relation between reverse constituent order and reverse order existing in the objective world.Fourthly, verify the validity of the generating mechanism in other language system. Typological thinking model of human is bound to be reflected in their spirit and matter activity after they come into being, which is universal. Not only the language syntax and lexical level will reflect the characteristics of such a mechanism, other language systems or even non-language areas will reflect it accordingly.