On The Thought Of Historical Comments In The Western Han Dynasty

The Historical Comments of Western Han Dynasty is an important part and holds an important position in the historiography of Western Han Dynasty, which forms a link between the preceding and the following in the Chinese ancient Historical Comments. Making comprehensive analysis and further research in the Historical Comments of Western Han Dynasty, is the deepening in the historiography of Western Han Dynasty. According to the author, the Historical Comments of Western Han Dynasty can be divided into historians, political commentators and thinkers, writers, etc. According to the stage, it can be divided into initial stage, intermediate stage, later stage. According to the contents, it can be divided into the Historical Comments, the thought of Historical Rise and Fall, the thought of Kingdom Unification, the thought of Relationship between Human Being and Nature, etc. These Historical Comments on the concerning of times and reality, reflects the attention on the history theory and history thought which has the distinct characteristics of the times. Based on historical research on the division of the period to the Western Han Dynasty, this article launched inquiring of thought and stage characteristics which the Historical Comments of Western Han Dynasty reflected, in order to given a clear understanding to the stage characteristics of the Historical Comments.Firstly, the thought of Historical Rise and Fall in the Historical Comments of Western Han Dynasty, this includes the initial of the historical reference thought, the intermediate of the historical circulation thought, the later of the temporization and transformation thought.The thought of Historical Rise and Fall in the Historical Comments reflected the stage characteristics. The Western Han Dynasty's initial stage prominent performance for the historical reference thought focuses on the Qin Dynasty's fall and the Western Han Dynasty's rise, such as ruling thoughts, ruling measures, social problems,etc. These occurs positive impact on the elimination of local separatism forces, the consolidation of new regime. The Western Han Dynasty's intermediate stage prominent performance for the historical circulation thought focuses on the summary of social and historical development rules, to give suggestions to consolidate the Western Han Dynasty's universal. The Western Han Dynasty's later period prominent performance for the temporization and transformation thought focuses on maintaining the rule of the Western Han Dynasty, providing the experience for it, initiating the inherits and transforms, advocating the society's improvement. These has obviously governs the color of practical use, and plays the certainly positive role in eliminated the social crisis. The thought of Historical Rise and Fall in the Historical Comments plays positive function in maintenance dynasty rule, impetus social development. At the same time, also has enriched the content of Chinese ancient Historical Comments, held an important status in Chinese thought of historiography and the history of ancient ideology.Secondly, the thought of Kingdom Unification in the Historical Comments of Western Han Dynasty includes the initial thought of the political unification, the intermediate thought of the great unification, the later thought of the national unification.The thought of Kingdom Unification in the Historical Comments reflected the stage characteristics. The Western Han Dynasty's initial stage prominent performance for the political unification thought focuses on the discussion of the method in eliminates the local separatist regime, which has made the preparation to consolidate for the Western Han Dynasty in theory. The Western Han Dynasty's intermediate stage prominent performance for the great unification thought focuses the comprehensive surveys on political unification, academic unification, national unification, which has sought the theory basis for the great unification in the intermediate stage of Western Han Dynasty. The Western Han Dynasty's later stage prominent performance for the academic unification thought focuses on the discussion of the historian academic viewpoint, the history book reorganizes with compiles aspect and so on, manifests the development trend of the academic unification. Based on this, the political unification, academic unification, national unification have become an organic whole, which played the proclaimed praises, consolidated and the perfect role to the situation of kingdom unification, has also had the profound influence to the later generation's thought of Historical Comments. But, the great unification theories have created successive dynasties'rampant and hindered the democracy healthy development.Once again, the thought of Relationship between Human Being and Nature in the Historical Comments of Western Han Dynasty includes the initial thought of the Unity between Nature and Human, the intermediate thought of the Response between Heaven and Man, the later thought of the Auspicious Sign and Calamity.The thought of Relationship between Human Being and Nature in the Historical Comments reflected the stage characteristics. The Western Han Dynasty's initial stage prominent performance for the thought of Unity between Nature and Human focuses on the thinking of unity between human being and nature, mutual permeability and inaction politics. The Western Han Dynasty's intermediate stage prominent performance for the thought of the Response between Heaven and Man focuses on the publicizes of divine right of kings, strengthen the centralization, maintain the political unification. The Western Han Dynasty's later period prominent performance for the thought of the Auspicious Sign and Calamity focuses on the natural disasters and unusual phenomena appending human affairs to shows expostulate to the crowned head, in order to provide warning example and the method for the dynasty rule. The thought of Relationship between Human Being and Nature in the Historical Comments plays positive function in strengthen the centralization, consolidate dynasty rule, defending state unity. But, the spirit meaning in the thought of Relationship between Human Being and Nature publicize the heaven, fate, ghost and God, opposes science progress. To a large extent, it retardated the development of chinese ancient science and technology culture, also has the negative adverse effect to the society historical development.