The Study Of Nanjing Students' Self-enhancement And Its Influencing Factors

The main aim of the study is to explore the situation of Nanjing students? self-enhancement, then analyze the influencing factors of it deeply. On the basis of literature reviews, the study developed two self-enhancement questionnaires that measure the above-average effect and the unrealistic optimism separately, and then validated its good reliability and distinction. After that, selecting 631 students from seven schools such as Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing Forestry University and so on, the study explored the situation of these students? self-enhancement, as well as the relations between their self-enhancement and cultural color, importance, controllability of the traits or events. Finally, the study revised The Modest Responding Scale, and then used it along with The Self-Construal Scale, The Self-Esteem Scale and the self-enhancement questionnaire to discuss the influencing factors of Nanjing students? self-enhancement. The results of this study follow as:1. In the measure of above-average effect and unrealistic optimism, Nanjing students represent significant self-enhancement, and there are no differences among gender, age and qualifications.2. Under Chinese culture, Nanjing students represent more self-enhancement on the collectivistic traits or future events than the individualistic ones.3. Nanjing students?cognition of the traits or events?importance and controllability influences their self-enhancement. They represent more self-enhancement on the important or controllable traits or events than the unimportant or uncontrollable ones.4. Nanjing students? self-esteem influences their self-enhancement, the persons who are high in self-esteem show more self-enhancement than the persons who are low in self-esteem.5. The level of self-enhancement of those Nanjing students who have interdependent self-construal is significantly higher. But the relation between self-construal and trait self-enhancement is influenced by the traits? cultural color. There are no differences among the self-enhancement on individualistic traits in spite of the students? self-construal, but the students who have interdependent self-construal represent significant self-enhancement on collectivistic traits.6. The relation between modest and trait self-enhancement is influenced by the traits? cultural color. There are no differences among the self-enhancement on collectivistic traits in spite of the students? modest, but on individualistic traits, the higher the modest of the students, the lower the trait self-enhancement.7. In the above-average effect and unrealistic optimism, Nanjing students tend to evaluate their best friend more positively, which accelerate more positive evaluation of themselves.