Review The Shakuhachi And The Differention And Analysis About Chinese Shakuhachi And Japanese Shakuhachi

Shakuhachi is an important wind instrument in Chinese ancient history. The same kind of wind instrument like Shakuhachi also appeared in Han Dynasty. The using of Shakuhachi was at the height of power and splendor in Tang and Song Dynasties. It was widely used in court music and fork music. It gradually disappeared at the end of Ming Dynasty. Shakuhachi was introduced to Japan twice in Chinese ancient history during Tang and Song periods. The shakuhachi of Tang was used in Japanese royal court's gagaku . But it fell into disuse in the reformation in great force at the end of Heian periods. Finally, it was lost in ancient history. Now there are 8 Shakuhachi of Tang period kept in Shosoin in Japan. Religion was the carrier of Shakuhachi of Song period. It was brought into Japan by the Japanese monk "xindijuexin". And it was dominated by one of the Buddhism Zen—Fuke sect. So it was also called "Fuke Shakuhachi". It was protected by the government, and common people were never allowed to use it since then. After the Meiji reformation, Shakuhachi was popular in the society again. Its development is flourishing till now. Nowadays Japanese Shakuhachi which was evolved from Fuke Shakuhachi is best-known and widely used . And it gradually developed into an international instrument.However, in China, the term of "Shakuhachi" recurred constantly on the musical stage at the beginning of the 20^st century. The musical academia said that Shakuhachi existed in the form of the vertical flute "dongxiao" in Nanyin music of Fujian. The vertical flute of Nanyin music is also called Nanyin Shakuhachi. It is the carry-over of the Shakuhachi of Tang and Song period. It is said Nanyin Shakuhachi inherited the number of the holes of Shakuhachi in Tang period and it was made of the root of the bamboo which is the characteristics of the Shakuhachi in Song period. It seems that this thesis is agreed by most people and it is widely used. But is this thesis based on real historical evidence ? Does the Shakuhachi in Chinese history really exist in the form of kind of Nanyin music? What is the real connection between Nanyin Shakuhachi and the Shakuhachi in Chinese history? All these are still needed to be teseified.This research is based on the historical structure, which reviews the history of Shakuhachi's development. The Chinese Shakuhachi is compared to Japanese Shakuhachi in this research. It shows not only the things in common, but also the differences. It includes the study of Shakuhachi in all ways. In this research, it will provide more proofs to the theory that the vertical flute of Nanyin music is the carry-over of the Shakuhachi in history. In this article, it provides my own views and opinions, in order to make clear the misunderstanding about the vertical flute of Nanyin music and give its new definition.