Study On The Manipulative Translation Of Chinese Union Version

Bible is not only the classic of Christianity but also the origin of Western civilization.Among all the versions of Chinese Bible, Chinese Union Version (CUV) is the most popular and successful one, enjoying decades of popularity.This thesis, under the paradigm of manipulative translation, analyzes the social, historical and cultural factors of CUV so as to find out the reasons for its success. The thesis aims to reveal that the translation of CUV is both constrained by the goal and mission of evangelization and manipulated by missionaries to achieve a very good effect at the price of faithfulness in view of deep-rooted Chinese culture.First of all, the thesis intends to make a comprehensive review of the manipulative translation theory. It will mainly apply Andre Lefevere's manipulation theory, Itamar Even-Zohar's Polysystem theory, Gideon Toury's "norms" theory, and Venuti's "domesticating translation" theory to study and analyze CUV in the light of its socio-cultural and historical background. In the thesis, a variety of elements are considered, and a broader scope is brought into the analysis of CUV.Secondly, the thesis will, based on translation theories of the Manipulation School, investigate the background (including translation conditions and translators' background), motive, process, standard, influence and outside comments on CUV to make a comprehensive evaluation of it.Finally it comes to the conclusion that CUV is the product of manipulation, and that at the expense of faithfulness, CUV's translators achieves the goal to preach by means of domesticating translation. This testifies the application and realistic significance of translation theories of the Manipulation School.