A Study Of Portuguese Nationalization Of Macao Chinese In The Late Qing Dynasty

After the Opium War,the weakness of Qing Dynasty was completely revealed by the invasion of various countries,resulting in territory ceding.Macao was an example that was ceded governing control to the Portuguese after the implementation of colonial policies by the Macao portuguese governor,Joao Maria Ferreira do Amaral.Gradually,Portuguese took over Macao government and Macao became her colony in the late Qing Dynasty.Thus,it created a phenomena of nationalizing Macao Chinese people to Portuguese among Macao Chinese merchants that caused an influential effect on the development of society, politics and economy in Macao.This revealed the important role of the nationalized Chinese merchants in the historic era. This article focuses on the status of Macao Chinese in Portuguese nationalization in the late Qing Dynasty,analyzing the process of nationalization in Portuguese colony after the Opium War.We studied the attitude and scruple of Qing,Portuguese and Macao Portuguese governments toward the nationalization of Macao Chinese,as well as the role and function of nationalized Macao Chinese merchants in-between Macao Chinese people and the Macao Portuguese government.