Local Government In Chihli Province And Urban Change In Early 20^th Century

On the last ten years of Qing Dynasty that was,the early 20^th century,a special period, great social change happened.In order to rescue the totalitarian regime,a reform movement from top to down was carried out and caused urban change,especially more clear in Chihli province which located near the capital Reking.Generally speaking,the central government had paid much attention to Chihli province for its special position.Then the pahitical affair in this province was easy to be affected,with the change of central administration.Under the period of early 20^th century,many provinces had carried out new deal,but urban change in Chihli was much more clearly.In this dissertation,I take advantage of much more documents,such as official papers,books on local history,and newspapers,etc,to provide a roughly but systematic research on urban change in Chihli,which focusing on the following aspects:city public facilities,social organization and social custom.Three parts are included:First,introduction of public facilities change under the influence of series government measures.Second,analyzing social custom transformation relating to citizen's view on law,public health security and life style.Third,insufficient on city change how the following emphasizing on elements,for example,new deal,fiscal system,economical conditions,and official system,imposed great repercussions on urban change,made the change fast,widespread,but unstable.