The Application And Reference Standards Of WCST-64

Objective:Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64 was the efficient neuropsychological test to evaluate the excutive function regarded as the role of frontal lobe,which was not found in China.For the pupose of WCST-64 application in China,we will explore the cross-culture difference among Chinese pupil aged 8-10 compared with normative data of WCST-64 from USA,and analyse the structual validity of WCST-64. Moreover,the rural recommended will be used to explore the impact of iodine excess on psychomotor and cognition among pupil with Combined Raven Test(CRT) and Jinyi Pshchomoter test Battery(JPB).Method:Part one,with the basis of the inclusion criterion of WCST-64,and use the cluster sampling method,66 pupil aged 8-10 years living in city and 204 living in city and rural were selected and administrated with the WCST-64 and CRT.The indices of WCST-64 included total errors(TE),perseverative response(PR),perseverative errors(PE) and conceptual responses(CLR).19 children were randomly selected from 66 and administrated with the used of Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(C-WISC).Part2,with two-stage cluster sampling method,3 areas were selected according the iodine concentration in drinking water,The iodine concentration in drink water are 367.2,655.2 and 1440.1(μg/L repectively.We named them as the group of IE300,IE500 and IE1000,compared with the group of NI (19.2μg/L of iodine concentration in drink water).The total of 155 pupil aged 8 to 10 years were sampled and tested individually with JPB and WCST-64.The statistic methods concluded Student-test,ANOVA,coefficient correlation of person,and factor analysis,and the statistic softwear was SPSS 13.0.Results:The correlation coefficients of standardized score of TE and CLR with IQ points of CRT and C-WSIC Performance sub-scale were absolute value from 0.35 to 0.53.The results of all indices of WCST-64 in each age group of pupil living in city and rural were lower than that of normative data of WCST-64 from USA.The differences of WCST-64 results in 4 indices between children living in rural and normative data of WCST-64 had obvious statistic significance(P＜0.05).However, there was no other difference between children living in city and normative data (P＞0.05).Two factor model of WCST-64 was found in data of rural and city pupil. PR and PE contributed to Factor One.TE,NPE,CLR contributed to Factor Two.In another part of study,compared with the group NI,the performance of WCST-64 of IE300,IE500 and IE1000 showed no statistic difference at the level ofα=0.05.There was no statistic difference of abnormal rate of JPB among 4 groups with the use x~2-test(p＞0.05).The average statistic differences of JPB and its subtests were not found between IE300,IE1000 and NI(P＞0.05).The average scores of Writing Symbol,Turning Stick and the total mark of JPB are about 7,5.5 and 25 points behind of NI.The difference between the IE500 and NI had statistic significance(p＜0.05).Conclusion:The differences of WCST-64 indices between pupil living in rural areas and in city.Culture difference of WCST-64 could be exited between Chinese and English-speaking population.It is the foundational evidence to establish the recommended criterion for Chinese rural students.The indices of TE and CLR of WCST-64 may partly relate to the reasoning and perceptive organization of cognition. Iodine excess might not negatively impact on the cognition among children.However, it is necessary to explore the role of iodine excess on psychomotor.