| At the end of five dynasties and early song dynasty, Chinese Buddhism developed to the highest point and then went downhill. Crazy Chan, which characterized by destroying the Classics and abusing Buddha, was widespread. Just under such a background, Yanshou put forward a proposition of being single mind. On one hand, he maintained that the mind was the basis of all dharmas; on the other hand, he emphasized that every dharma could reflect the single mind. He believed that numerous good deeds are helpful to understand the single mind. So neither good deeds nor single mind should be discarded. "single mind" is the most important concept in Yanshou's Buddhism thought. Form Chan's point, Yanshou mingled the mind which reflected the Buddha nature with people's mind in reality, accomplishing the reunification of mind and nature. Meanwhile, he clarified the characteristics of the single mind by blending variant thoughts of Buddhism sects. Xin Fu Zhu which written by Yanshou, is such a book that directly explained the single mind. This paper elaborates Yanshou's mind-nature theory from various angles according Xin Fu Zhu. It directly illustrates Yanshou's mind-nature theory by explaining its characteristic of "mind contains all dharmas and every dharma displays the mind". Then it introduces emphatically the characteristic of blending various Buddhism thoughts in Yanshou's mind-nature theory. The last but no the least, it compares Yanshou's mind-nature theory with that of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming dynasties in order to outstand the characteristic of Yanshou's mind-nature theory.
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