Study On Rising And Development Of The City Of Urumqi In Qing Dynasty

Urumqi in Qing Dynasty had an important position in the history of urban development. In 1755, the Qing government built a territory in Xinjiang ; in 1763, the Qing government expanded it and Emperor Qianlong gave a name Dihua. From the construction in Qianlong and Jiaqing periods to the ruin in Tongzhi period, as a town, Urumqi experienced prosperity and frustration. From a historical perspective on the city, this article discusses the Dihua town, Gongning town, Xinmancheng town, all built in Urumqi, and analyzed the reasons for the construction of these cities, the towns'layouts, structures and economic situation and the population. The article summarizes the characteristics of the development in different period, the changes of functions of the towns and the historical status of Urumqi in Qing Dynasty. From the initial to formation of cities in the end of the Qing Dynasty, this article tries to figure out the development track of Urumqi. This article collects the scattered historical materials of Urumqi and shows the development of Urumqi from a town to a city in Qing Dynasty, which reflects Qing government built the country's urban system by nation's power, strengthened the social control of Xinjiang and promoted economic development in Xinjiang.