On The Role Of Identity Of Land-lost Peasant In The Process Of Urbanization

With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in recent years,a large number of land-lost peasants have emerged systematically.They are not ready to transform their identity from peasant to urban citizen without any proper arrangements offered.Many peasants are nominally taken as a citizen,but they themselves often lose their identity as nominal "urban citizen".They cannot be accepted by ideology of citizenship.Consequently,they are of less capability to merge into the life in cities both subjectively and objectively.They are living at the edge of cities.It not only has a direct bearing on the interests of land-lost peasants groups,but also affects China's urbanization process and the building of a harmonious society.Therefore,it is of theoretical values and realistic importance to study the role of identity of land-lost peasant.This study on the role of identity of land-lost peasant deals with the role of identity as a procedure.It puts forward the theory conception of role identity of land-lost peasant based on the pioneering research.Meanwhile,combining the knowledge of theory and guidelines from experts,it works out a questionnaire survey regarding to the role identity of land-lost peasants.And it has processed the necessary factor analysis and validation test.Through surveying the role identity of land-lost peasants in the main urban district,this paper discusses the status quo and features of the role identity of land-lost peasants in the main urban district of Chongqing City.The main results of this research are as follows:Firstly,the role identity of land-lost peasants is a three-dimensional structure consist of role cognition,role experience and role behavior;the composing factors of role cognition includes:role knowledge cognition,role right cognition,role responsibility cognition and role orientation;role experience includes:the sense of belonging,positive judgment;role behavior includes working behavior and life style.Secondly,the questionnaire survey regarding to role identity of land-lost peasants by ourselves, takes Likert scale.After testing,the questionnaire which possesses the preferable reliability and validity can be the tool to survey the role identity of land-lost peasants.Thirdly,the status quo of the role identity of land-lost peasants in the main urban district of Chongqing City:The role identity depends on descriptive statistics and variance analysis whose outcome shows the role of identity in general.Among it,the average value of role experience is slightly higher than of role cognition and role behavior.Moreover,the value of CV is minor which shows a lower QT peak and positive identity status existed in the factors attributed to land-iost peasants' role experience.The further study shows:there is of no obviously differences in the role identities of different genders.However,it is of obvious differences in the role cognition and role behavior of land-lost peasants in different ages.Younger ones show more "urban" in the role cognition and behavior.Obvious difference also exists in the role identities of land-lost peasants in different households.In all,the land-lost peasants holding city household appear obviously higher than those holding country household generally.Furthermore,the effect of education level is obvious to the role identity that the role identity of land-lost peasants in higher education is accordingly higher than those in lower education.Additionally,in the income changes,it is of obvious difference in the role cognition and role experience of land-lost peasants.The land-lost peasants with higher income due to land requisition appear to have more positive experiences while those with lower income would have lower role cognition than other land-lost peasants.Moreover,differences can also be obviously found in the role cognition of land-lost peasants in different times of land requisition generally.The longer land requisition would bring more positive experiences;whether having urban relatives will also make differences in the role cognition and role behaviors of land-lost peasants,although this not happens in the differences of role experience.Fourthly,the innovation of this study exists in two aspects:in theory,it effectively combines urban urbanization,land-lost peasants and role identity.It enriches the research of urban urbanization and provide a new perspective to the land-lost peasants research;in practice,since the problem of land-lost peasants have become one of the hot points in current society,the research of the role identity of land-lost peasants helps to understand the status quo of the role identity of current land-lost peasants in current Chongqing.It also has the guidance value to find new model of role changing and to improve the role adaptation of land-lost peasants.