Ideology, Poetics And The Chinese Translation Of English Stream-of-consciousness Novels

As a theory appeared under the background of the"cultural turn"in translation studies, Lefevere, Bassnett and others'manipulation theory has exerted great influence on translation studies. According to the theory, translation is a kind of rewriting of the original text and all rewritings, whatever their intention, reflect a certain ideology and poetics and as such manipulate literature to function in a given way.As a kind of novels of western modernism, ever since their appearance, stream-of-consciousness novels have greatly influenced western literature, even the western society. Though almost all the representative works of English stream-of-consciousness novels appeared in the western literature as early as the 1920s, it was until the 1980s that they have gradually been translated into Chinese. This phenomenon had something to with the special ideologies and poetics of China then. Furthermore, as far as the translated works are concerned, there are some factors influenced by ideology and poetics of the target culture.This research mainly centers on the correlation of the Chinese translation of English stream-of-consciousness novels with ideology and poetics, and what factors in the Chinese versions of Ulysses translated by Xiao Qian and Wen Jieruo and The Sound and the Fury translated by Li Wenjun have been influenced by ideology and poetics and how. The theoretical foundation is Lefevere and Bassnett and others'manipulation theory.All together there are seven chapters.The first chapter introduces the research background, research objective and research significance.The second chapter is literature review. First researches on English stream-of-consciousness novels and on the translation of English stream-of-consciousness novels are reviewed. Then the application of the manipulation theory and the researches on the theory itself are reviewed.The third chapter focuses on the theoretical foundation. The formation and development of the manipulation theory, main points of the theory, definitions of the three factors of the theory, namely ideology, poetics and patronage and their respective influences on translation, are introduced. The fourth chapter is about the research design. Research questions, the research method and the collection of data are introduced.The fifth and sixth chapters are the main part of the research.The fifth chapter discusses the correlation of the Chinese translation of English stream-of-consciousness novels with ideology and poetics. First, the period between the 1930s when stream-of-consciousness novels started to be translated in China till now is divided into three periods according to some historical events. The first period lasts from the 1930s till the founding of PRC, and the second period lasts from the founding of PRC till the late 1970s with the carrying out of the reform and opening-up policy and the third period lasts from the late 1970s till now. Secondly the translation of English stream-of-consciousness novels in these periods is introduced. Next the ideologies and poetics in these three periods are analyzed. Then the correlation of the Chinese translation of English stream-of-consciousness novels with ideology and poetics is analyzed. The conclusion that just because of the special ideologies and poetics of China then it's until the 1980s that English stream-of-consciousness novels have gradually been translated into Chinese is drawn.The sixth chapter analyzes what factors in the Chinese versions of Ulysses translated by Xiao Qian and Wen Jieruo and The Sound and the Fury translated by Li Wenjun have been influenced by ideology and poetics and how. The analysis is carried out in the following aspects: the influence of ideology and poetics on the adding of notes, on the application of the technique of addition, on the use of punctuation and on the language of the translated works. It is concluded that it is under the influence of the ideology and poetics of the target culture, namely socialist ideology, the realism creation method, the concept of the core position of plots for novels and so on, when translating, the translators used many means to make the translated works more readable.The seventh chapter is the conclusions and the limitations of the research. The conclusions of the thesis are as follows. First, it is under the influence of special ideologies and poetics of China that, though English stream-of-consciousness novels appeared early in the west it was until the 1980s that they began to be gradually translated in China. Second, while translating Ulysses and The Sound and the Fury, the translators have made some manipulations and rewritings of the original works, namely the adding of notes, the application of the technique of addition, the use of punctuation and the use of formal language due to the influence of the ideology and poetics of the target culture.