Research On Brain Mechanism During The Cognitive Control Field-Dependence And Independence Individuals

The researches on FID have been extensively explored since it originated from the laboratory studies conducted from 1948 to 1952 by Asch and Witkin. And Field independent individuals are generally expected to display better performance than field-dependent subject in almost all academic subjects and cognitive tasks, but what is the reasons lead to the results, the cognitive style is the difference of the information processing, so what is the internal mechanism and the brain mechanism of the information processing of the different cognitive style, it is more important in the researches of the field-dependent and independent individuals.Cognitive control, which is an ability to guide thought and action in accordance with internal intentions, lies at the heart of most higher mental faculties that make us human. Cognitive style which are thought of as the modes by which learners approach, acquire and process information. In another words, the cognitive control can be considered as cognitive ability whereas the cognitive style is a cognitive mode. So we proposed that different cognitive mode may have dissimilar cognitive control ability. But the correlated individual difference in cognitive style to a basic neural mechanism of cognitive control hasn't been researched. To test this hypothesis, Event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded during 36 subjects (19 FID subjects,17 FD subjects) performing the Go/No-go task.The research results are showed as follows:(1) In our research, we find out that stronger FD subject was correlated with greater accuracy on No-Go trails. And the mean reaction time of FID subjects (250 msec) was significant faster than the FD subjects (271 msec), at behavior level; in the simple and available cognitive control task (GO/No-go task), the FID ones are better than the FD subjects whatever the speed or the accuracy. It exhibited that the FID subjects executive the conflict due to he differing frequency of event types better than FD individuals and it is consistent with the previous researches.(2) The FID subjects were strongly correlated with ERN amplitudes, suggested that FID individuals (versus FD individuals) were associated with significantly greater conflict-related neural activity when response inhibition was required. However, the FD subjects was associated with greater P300 amplitude, Just as the definition of the FID and FD ones, the FD individuals who pays much more attention to their surroundings and the global aspects whereas the FID individuals can easily "break up" the overall environment, to attend to the given task, they pay much more attention to the current task.(3) But in our research, on the n2 amplitude, the difference between the two kinds of subject did not reach significance. And on the correct go trails, the accuracy of the two groups is very high.(4) We didn't find the timing course of the difference, but we noted that the N2 amplitude of the two different cognitive styles is reach significant on the response and stimulus conflict.